Substage 1 of preconventional morality is to ____ as substage 2 of preconventional morality is to ____.
a. interpersonal norms; social systems morality
b. an obedience orientation; an instrumental orientation
c. social contract; justice, compassion, and equality
d. early adulthood; middle and late adulthood
Question 2What is the average time gap between initial attraction to members of one's own sex and the disclosure of one's orientation to others?
a. Five years
b. Eight years
c. Ten years
d. Twelve years
Question 3Preconventional moral reasoning is based on ____ forces.
a. internal
b. biological
c. external
d. universal
Question 4According to Savin-Williams (2011), the development of sexual identity in gay males and lesbians involves several facets. Which of the following is NOT one of these facets?
a. Attraction to members of the same sex
b. Self-labeling as gay or lesbian
c. Sexual contact with members of the same sex
d. Promoting gay and lesbian rights
Question 5In the Victor Hugo story Les Misrables, a character named Valjean steals a loaf of bread to feed his starving niece. How would a person in the instrumental orientation of Kohlberg's stages describe Valjean's theft?
a. It is okay that he took the bread, because his niece will probably give him a big hug and kiss for getting her something to eat..
b. It isn't okay that he took the bread because the police will probably come arrest him
c. It is okay for him to take the bread, as long as he goes back the next day to work to pay for it..
d. It isn't okay for him to steal the bread because stealing is wrong and nobody should ever steal..
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