According to _____ theorists, gender bias and the hidden curriculum are embedded in schools. For many years, reading materials, classroom activities, and treatment by teachers and peers contributed to a feeling among many girls and young women that they were less important than male students.
a. symbolic interactionist b. functionalist
c. postmodernist d. conflict
Question 2Sociologist Arlie Hochschild suggests that we acquire a set of _____ that shapes the appropriate emotions for a given role or specific situation, including how, where, when, and with whom an emotion should be expressed.
a. emotional laborsb. dramaturgical guidelines
c. feeling rules d. socioemotional norms
Question 3Low-income countries are primarily __________ and have little industrialization and low levels of national and personal income.
a. service-oriented nations
b. egalitarian nations
c. urbanized nations
d. agrarian nations
Question 4_____ is a social system in which status is assumed to be acquired through individual ability and efforts.
a. Tracking b. Credentialism
c. Meritocracy d. Educational bureaucracy
Question 5A college professor engages in preparatory work in her office alone. This illustrates what sociologist Erving Goffman called _____ stage behavior.
a. backb. interior
c. front d. exterior
Question 6Nations with industrializing economies, particularly in urban areas, and moderate levels of national and personal income are termed __________.
a. relative-income countries
b. middle-income countries
c. high-income countries
d. low-income countries