The probability that two genes will be separated by crossing-over is related to:

The probability that two genes will be separated by crossing-over is related to:
  a. the phenotype that they control.
  b. how far the two genes are from the centromere.
  c. the distance between the two genes on the chromosome.
  d. whether the two genes are located on a sex chromosome.
  e. how far the genes are from the kinetochore.

Question 2

The offspring of two heterozygous gray-bodied, normal-winged flies should be 50 gray-bodied/normal wings
  (BbRr) and 50 black-bodied/vestigial wings (bbrr) because these alleles are linked. Suppose a small number, say 15,
  of the offspring are instead black-bodied with normal wings. This is most likely the result of:
  a. crossing-over.
  b. incomplete dominance.
  c. codominance.
  d. an error in meiosis.
  e. mutation