1. The _________ is a program that manages the computer’s resources, provides services for programmers, and schedules the execution of other programs.
2. Three key interfaces in a typical computer system are: instruction set architecture, application programming interface, and ___________.
3. The __________ , or nucleus, contains the most frequently used functions in the OS.
4. In an _________ system the user/programmer interacts directly with the computer, usually through a keyboard/display terminal to request the execution of a job or to perform a transaction.
5. A _________ system groups the user’s program with programs for other users and is submitted by a computer operator, with results being printed out for the user upon completion of the program.
6. Early computer systems presented two main problems: setup time and _____.
7. The portion of the monitor that must always be in main memory and available for execution is referred to as the __________.
8. The technique where memory is expanded to hold three, four, or more programs and switch among all of them is __________, (or multitasking).
9. In a _________ system multiple users simultaneously access the system through terminals, with the OS interleaving the execution of each user program in a short burst or quantum of computation.
10. The five defined states for a process are: new, ready, waiting, halted, and ________.
11. Each process is represented in the OS by a ___________, which typically contains identifier, state, priority, program counter, memory pointers, context data, I/O status information, and accounting information.
12. Because a process executes only in main memory, that memory is referred to as __________.
13. __________ allows the programmer to view memory as consisting of multiple address spaces or segments.
14. When the processor executes a process it automatically converts from logical to physical address by adding the current starting location of the process, called its __________, to each logical address.
15. _________ paging means that each page of a process is brought in only when it is needed.