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Chapter 1: An Introduction to the Human Body

Uploaded: 2 years ago
Contributor: barter
Category: Biology
Type: Solutions
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Filename:   anim_negative_feedback_control_temperature_answer_key_ch01.doc (48.5 kB)
Page Count: 1
Credit Cost: 1
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Description
Tortora, Derrickson: Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, 14th Edition
Transcript
Negative Feedback Control of Temperature To complete this worksheet, select: Module: Foundations Activity: Animations Title: Negative Feedback Control of Temperature Introduction 1. Describe the importance of homeostatic body temperature maintenance. Temperature that rises too high or drops too low causes different disorders like cardiac arrhythmias. Temperature is maintained by balancing the loss to the environment with the rate that is produced by the body. 2. What is the function, and locations, of thermoreceptors? Thermoreceptors are found throughout the body detecting changes in body temperature. They detect increases and decreases in temperature and send this information to the brain via impulses. 3. Explain the negative feedback control of body temperature using thermoreceptors, the hypothalamus, and the temperature control center. A neuron group of the anterior portion of the hypothalamus controls heat balance. Neurons in the pre-optic areas of the hypothalamus integrate signals that come from thermoreceptors. The control center in the pre-optic area propagates control signals to other areas in the hypothalamus that control heat loss and heat production. When overheating occurs the control center in the pre-optic area inhibits the heat-promoting center and stimulates the heat loss center. 4. How is homeostasis maintained under heat stress? (Include heat-losing center, capillary dilation, and sweat production.) Thermoreceptors sense the increased temperature and send signals to the hypothalamus. Upon receiving signals from the temperature control centers in the hypothalamus, blood vessels in the skin dilate and more blood is channeled to regions near the skin surface where it can be cooled. Sweat glands are also stimulated to produce perspiration that cools the skin when it evaporates. 5. How is homeostasis maintained under cold stress? (include: heat-producing center, capillary constriction, shivering) A neuron group in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus controls heat balance. Neurons in the per-optic area of the hypothalamus integrate signals that arise from thermoreceptors. The skeletal muscles receive signals to shiver which will produce additional heat. Blood vessels in the skin receive signal to constrict decreasing blood flow of warm blood to the body’s periphery. Heat production is increased while heat loss is minimized and temperature homeostasis is restored.

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