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yoyoyo12345 yoyoyo12345
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5 years ago
16. Cancer is a result of —————occurring in cells.

17. The central dogma of biology, is the conversion of DNA to protein through an intermediate molecule known as—————.

18. Cholesterol is distributed throughout the body by —————, therefore we want to keep levels of it low.

19. Angelina Jolie had a genetic test done and she was shown to have the ———mutation, putting her a much greater risk for breast and ovarian cancer.

20. Put the following genetic terms in order, from largest to smallest: Gene, genome and chromosome
 Largest ————— Smallest

21. What was the purpose of the human genome project? List one potential positive and one negative from this work.

22.  Explain the difference between a carcinogen and a teratogen. Provide an example of each from the lecture or the text.

23. List two things that are different about a cancer cell compared to a normal human cell.

24. Discuss one reason why it has been more difficult to reduce the cases of chronic diseases compared to infectious diseases over the last 50 years.

25. Describe how that accumulates on arteries? the process of cardiovascular disease occurs. What is the name of the material that accumulates on arteries?

26. What is the difference between a heart attack and a stroke?
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wrote...
Valued Member
Educator
5 years ago
16. Cancer is a result of —————occurring in cells.

Genetic mutation
wrote...
Valued Member
Educator
5 years ago
17. The central dogma of biology, is the conversion of DNA to protein through an intermediate molecule known as—————.

ribonucleic acid (RNA)
wrote...
Valued Member
Educator
5 years ago
18. Cholesterol is distributed throughout the body by —————, therefore we want to keep levels of it low.

bloodstream
wrote...
Valued Member
Educator
5 years ago
19. Angelina Jolie had a genetic test done and she was shown to have the ———mutation, putting her a much greater risk for breast and ovarian cancer.

BRCA
wrote...
Valued Member
Educator
5 years ago
20. Put the following genetic terms in order, from largest to smallest: Gene, genome and chromosome  Largest ————— Smallest

Chromosome, genome, gene
wrote...
Valued Member
Educator
5 years ago
21. What was the purpose of the human genome project? List one potential positive and one negative from this work.

The purpose is to map out all the genes found in species, including homo sapiens. One positive aspect is that by mapping out all the genes, it could help with the diagnosis and prevention of human disease. On the contrary, pharmaceutical companies that decode these genes can patent their findings, making the information obtained from the mapping inaccessible to smaller companies that want to manufacture drugs.
wrote...
Valued Member
Educator
5 years ago
22.  Explain the difference between a carcinogen and a teratogen. Provide an example of each from the lecture or the text.

Carcinogen is a cancer-causing agent, for example the exposure of lead. A teratogen is an agent that causes defects specifically to a fetus, such as alcohol. -- Not sure if this was an example from the lecture though lol
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5 years ago
23. List two things that are different about a cancer cell compared to a normal human cell.

Cancer cells do not have a regulated cell cycle; as a result, they grow out of control and cannot undergo cell-death known as apoptosis. Normal cells have a regulated cell cycle. In addition, cancer cells have the inability to interact with adjacent cells; this is the reason why cancer can spread if growth is near a blood vessel.



wrote...
Valued Member
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5 years ago
24. Discuss one reason why it has been more difficult to reduce the cases of chronic diseases compared to infectious diseases over the last 50 years.

In the past 50 years, science has come a long way when it comes to the development of vaccines and medication. More infectious diseases are caused by pathogens, which are typically bacteria or viruses. Through the invention of antibiotics and vaccines, the spread of these germs have become limited. Chronic diseases are difficult to reduce because their treatment is more long term. It usually requires lifestyle changes, including good nutrition and constant exercise. Because there isn't a quick fix, more people succumb to chronic diseases than do infections, generally
wrote...
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5 years ago
25. Describe how that accumulates on arteries? the process of cardiovascular disease occurs. What is the name of the material that accumulates on arteries?

Coronary artery disease develops when the major blood vessels that supply your heart with blood, oxygen and nutrients (coronary arteries) become damaged or diseased. Normally, the walls of an artery are smooth, allowing blood to flow unimpeded. In addition, cholesterol is carried by proteins known as LDL. When the concentration of this protein increases, it's likely to get oxidized or "charged" by oxidizing agents in the blood. Once charged, the protein could actually harm heart's blood vessels, causing it scar and eventually form plaque to heal itself. Once the plaque is formed, it narrows the artery.
wrote...
Valued Member
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5 years ago
26. What is the difference between a heart attack and a stroke?

heart attack is when the blood vessels carrying oxygen to the heart muscles are obstructed, while a stroke is when an embolus (an "embolus" is a blood clot or a piece of plaque that acts like a clot) flows into the brain, forming a blood clot, therefore preventing oxygen and nutrients from reaching vital parts of the brain, thereby damaging it.
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