1) Some Events in the Release of Hormones
Adrenal cortex releases cortisol.
Adrenal medulla releases cortisol.
Hypothalamus secretes corticotropin releasing hormone.
Hypothalamus secretes adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
Anterior pituitary releases a releasing hormone.
Anterior pituitary releases adrenocorticotropic hormone.
ACTH triggers the release of releasing hormone.
ACTH stimulates the adrenal medulla.
ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex.
The order of events that trigger the release of cortisol is
_answe_. __answer___ . _Answer_. _answer
2) Elevated levels of cortisol have been shown to reduce areas of the hippocampus in the brain resulting in short term memory loss in older adults.
(source: Sonia J. Lupien et al. Nature Neuroscience 1, 69–73 [1998])
Exposure to long-term stress results in elevated levels of cortisol in adults. Over time, cortisol may have detrimental effects on your health.
Determine the effect below that is NOT a result of long-term stress.
a.Blood sugar levels are elevated.
b.The body is more prone to infections.
c.The breathing rate increases.
d.Blood pressure is elevated.
3) Some Events Involved in the Release of Various Hormones
The adrenal cortex releases epinephrine and norepinephrine.
The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine.
The hypothalamus stimulates the sympathetic nervous system.
The hypothalamus stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system.
The hypothalamus secretes the releasing hormone.
The sympathetic nervous system stimulates the adrenal medulla.
The sympathetic nervous system stimulates the adrenal cortex.
The anterior pituitary gland secretes ACTH.
The anterior pituitary gland stimulates the adrenal medulla.
The order in which these events involved in the short-term stress response occur is
_answer_. _answer_. _answer_.
4) Which row correctly identifies the hormone and the type of stress associated with the fight-or-flight response?
A) Hormone Stressor
Epinephrine Short-term stress
B) Hormone Stressor
Mineralocorticoids Long-term stress
C) Hormone Stressor
ACTH Long-term stress
D) Hormone Stressor
Cortisol Short-term stress
5) SEE IMAGE ATTACHED
6) A group of college students is restricted to four hours of sleep per night for five days. After this time, the students are given a glucose tolerance test and are found to be pre-diabetic. Researchers hypothesize that the lack of sleep triggered the body to respond as if it were undergoing long-term stress.
The hormone that is released in response to long-term stress and its effect on blood glucose levels are, respectively:
A) Hormone. Effect on Blood Glucose ______________LevelsCortisol
Raises blood glucose levels
B) Hormone. Effect on Blood Glucose ______________LevelsCortisol
Adrenaline Raises blood glucose levels
C) Hormone. Effect on Blood Glucose ______________LevelsCortisol
Cortisol Lowers blood glucose levels
D) Hormone. Effect on Blood Glucose ______________LevelsCortisol
Adrenaline Lowers blood glucose levels
7) textThe nervous and endocrine systems work together to maintain homeostasis. These two systems differ in terms of method of communication, speed of communication, duration of response, target pathway, and actions of effectors.
Select the statements below that describe the endocrine system.
Sends hormones via the bloodstream
Sends hormones via neural pathways or electrochemical transmission
Fast-acting (milliseconds)
Slow-acting (minutes/hours/days)
Causes glands to secrete and causes muscles to contract
Causes changes in metabolic activities
Acts on specific glands or muscles
Sends hormones to a broad range of target cells
Record your answers in ascending (lowest to highest) order.
Answer/. Answer/. Answer/. Answer/.
8) The feedback pathway for the long-term stress hormone is shown below.
Hypothalamus➡️ releasing hormone➡️ Gland1➡️Hormone 1➡️ Gland 2➡️Hormone2
Long Term Stress Feedback Loop
Some Endocrine Structures and Hormones
Posterior pituitary
Anterior pituitary
ADH
ACTH
Adrenal medulla
Adrenal cortex
Cortisol
Epinephrine
Select the number of the structure from the list above that corresponds to the gland or hormone in the long-term stress hormone release pathway.
Gland 1. Hormone 1. Gland 2. Hormone 2.
Answer Answer Answer. Answer
9) Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction that can cause a rash, symptoms of shock, low blood pressure, and closed airways. An autoinjector can be used to administer synthetic epinephrine to a patient suffering from anaphylaxis.
What are the effects of epinephrine that can help save a person’s life?
Bronchioles dilate.
Bronchioles close.
Breathing rate decreases.
Breathing rate increases.
Blood pressure increases.
Blood pressure decreases.
Heart rate increases.
Heart rate decreases.
Record your answers in ascending (lowest to highest) order.
Answer/. Answer/. Answer/. Answer/.
10) Addison’s disease is also known as adrenal insufficiency. In Addison’s disease, the adrenal glands do not produce sufficient amounts of hormones, such as cortisol or aldosterone. Treatment involves supplementing the patient with synthetic forms of the hormones.
Select the numbers of the symptoms below that a physician would be looking for in a patient with low levels of aldosterone.
High blood pressure
Low blood pressure
High blood sodium levels
Low blood sodium levels
Increased urine output
Decreased urine output
High blood glucose levels
Low blood glucose levels
Record your answers in ascending (lowest to highest) order.
Answer/. Answer/. Answer/. Answer/.
Quick Reply
