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Credit Rating Agencies Problem Markets and Institutions
xcluzive
xcluzive
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Credit Rating Agencies Problem Markets and Institutions
1. Question 1: Suppose credit rating is the only thing that determines companies’ debt interest rate. Below is the interest rate associated with each credit rating.
Credit rating Interest rate
Consider a company that is issuing a ten-year fixed-rate bond with a principal value of $1 billion today. Throughout this question, ignore the time value of money (i.e., a dollar in the future is worth the same as a dollar today).
(a) (1 point) Suppose the company currently has a credit rating of AA. Howmuch interest expense (in dollars) can it save in total over the next ten yearsif its credit rating become AAA?
(b) (1 point) Suppose the company currently has a credit rating of BBB. How much additional interest expense (in dollar terms, no need to do compounding) does it incur over the next ten years if its credit rating drops to BB?
(c) (1 point) Suppose the company currently has a rating of BB. The company’s management simply wants to maximize firm value (with no concern about morality), and suppose they are considering spending up to $X dollars to bribe the credit rating agency to make the credit rating BBB. Assume that bribing always works and will never be caught. How much, at most, is the company management willing to spend
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Anonymous
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2 months ago
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a) How much interest can in save in total over the next 10 years?
We would save $50,000,000 ($50 million) in interest expense in total over the next 10 years.
Work:
interest expense savings = $1 billion*(interest rate on AA – interest rate on AAA)*10 years
Interest expense savings = $1 billion*(3.50% - 3.00%)*10 years
Interest expense savings = $1 billion*(0.50%)*10 years
Interest expense savings = $1,000,000*0.50%*10
Interest expense savings = $1,000,000,000*0.50%*10
Interest expense savings = $5,000,000*10
Interest expense savings = $50,000,000
Thus, we would save $50,000,000 ($50 million) in interest expense in total over the next 10 years.
Quote
b) How much additional interest expense does it incur if the credit rating drops to BBB?
Additional interest expense = $200 million
(Additional interest expense = $200,000,000)
Work:
Additional interest expense = $1 billion*(interest rate on BB – interest rate on BBB)*10 years
Additional interest expense = $1 billion*(7.50% - 5.50%)*10 years
Additional interest expense = $1 billion*(2%)*10 years
Additional interest expense = $1 billion*20%
Additional interest expense = $200 million
Quote
c) How much is the company management willing to spend?
Answer) at most the company management is willing to bribe them $200 million
This question is connected to part B.
If the rating is upgraded from BB to BBB then we would have to pay $200 million less in interest over the next 10 years.
Thus at most the company management is willing to bribe them $200 million
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