Describe how a biological membrane is assembled. What is it made of, and how is

I'm not sure the exact type of answer you are looking for, but I am going to tell you the answer from a thermodynamics point of view. The cellular membrane in constructed of phospholipids, which has a polar head (phosphate group) and 2 fatty acid tails (hydrophobic). Why do oil droplets stick together or aggregate in water? It's because when oil associates with one another in a polar environment, the free energy of the system is less than if the individual oil cells were hydrated. The same is true with membranes. The polar heads associate with the solvent, while the fatty acids bury themselves away to minimize contact with polar substances. When proteins are required to become integrated into the cell membrane, they are synthesized within the cell and exported to the membrane via the secretory pathway (golgi apparatus/vesicles), they must have a signal peptide instructing them to be incorporated into the cellular membrane.

The cell membrane is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment. The cell membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. The basic function of the cell membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings. It consists of the lipid bilayer with embedded proteins. Cell membranes are involved in a variety of cellular processes such as cell adhesion, ion conductivity and cell signaling and serve as the attachment surface for several extracellular structures, including the cell wall, Glycocalyx, and intracellular Cytoskeleton. Cell membranes can be artificially reassembled.

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