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What tissue makes up the dermis?
Areolar and Dense irregular connective tissues. -- The collagen fibers in this layer add strength and resiliency to skin. The elastin fibers provide stretch-recoil properties.
The cells of the dermis include:
1.
Keratinocytes - About 95% of the cells in the epidermis; Produced in basal layer, found in all epidermal layers; held together tightly by desmosomes; produce and fill up with keratin, a tough fibrous protein that increases epidermal cell's water resistance; produce antibodies and enzymes that detoxify harmful chemicals; die losing their nucleus and most cell organelles
2.
Melanocytes - Found in the basal later; only about 5% of epidermal cells; They have cellular processes (extensions) that extend into stratum spinosum. Melanin granules are sent via these extensions to keratinocytes in stratum spinosum to protect them; Produce and secrete melanin pigment that provides skin color and protection from UV light
3.
Merkel Cells (tactile cells) - located in basal later of the epidermis; attached to sensory nerve endings; serve as tactile (touch) receptors
4.
Langerhans Cells (dendritic cell) - located in stratum spinosum; a phagocytic part of immune system; "cop car"
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