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juliabreslin juliabreslin
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Posts: 96
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11 years ago
2) As the Sun shines on a snow-capped mountain, much of the snow sublimes instead of melts. How is this favored by entropy?

3) When the hydronium ion concentration of a solution equals 1 mole per liter, what is the pH of the solution? Is the solution acidic or base?
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wrote...
11 years ago
Lancenigo di Villorba (TV), Italy

QUESTION N.1
Your question "Why do exothermic reactions typically favor the formation of products?" relate to a old held came from M.P.E. Berthelot, a french chemist of XIX chemist. This scientist argued that EXOTHERMIC PROCESS don't need for external thermal sources since the phenomena run releasing heat despite to soak it (the heat-soaker events were called ENDOTHERMIC Process).
Nowadays, we know that Berthelot gaven't a valuable statement since ENTROPY, a Thermodynamics Property introduced by R. J. CLAUSIUS, affects all these process like heat flux do.
The correct statement is "EXOTHERMIC reactions runs spontaneously to form its products everytime it result disordered process" (e.g. process increasing mole number of gaseous species).

QUESTION N.2
As the Sun shines snow-capped mountain, snow soak heat by sun-rayons and it have to reach fluid states, e.g. water or vapour. Once you know that melting and sublimation are ENDOTHERMIC process, you understand these processes need for ENTROPY increses to permit phenomena. One you effect ENTROPY calculations, yo estimate that vapour is a product reaching an Entropy Value very greater than Water's one : Entropy get favour to vapour when compared to water.

QUESTION N.3
An aqueous solution having hydronium ions for a concentration equal than 1 mol/liter, you may write
|H+| = 1 M (M means "molar concentration or one mol par liter")
and you may calculate pH index
pH = - log (|H+|) = 0.
The latter denotes VERY ACIDIC media.

I hope this helps you.
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