In the textbook's graph showing TFR as a function of GDP per capita (Figure 6.19), the fertility ...

In the textbook's graph showing TFR as a function of GDP per capita (Figure 6.19), the fertility rate declines as the GDP per capita increases. There are two outliers though: Saudi Arabia and Israel have much higher fertility rates than other countries with comparable GDP per capita. The likely reason for this is that ________.
A) contraceptives are unavailable
B) the population statistics from these two countries are not reliable
C) cultural factors outweighed economic and social tendencies of declining TFR
D) the demographic transition has reversed in these two countries
E) these are random fluctuations