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Referring to following image, I would like to know on what cause the white spot area on throat and how to heal them.

Would white spot be inflammation area?

Does anyone have any suggestions?
Thanks in advance

(https://biology-forums.com/gallery/42/94679_28_02_21_3_25_05.jpeg) (https://biology-forums.com/index.php?action=gallery;sa=view&id=42657)

If you're fighting-off a throat infection, there are lymph nodes at the back of your throat where white blood cells mature/form. The lymph nodes contain immune cells that can help fight infection by attacking and destroying germs that are carried in through the lymph fluid. Each lymph node filters the fluid and substances picked up by the vessels that lead to it.

If there's inflammation at the back of your throat or white patches, it means your immune system is hard at work fighting off an infection near your throat or nasal cavity. They will disappear on their own once your symptoms subside.

If there is an inflammation over 10 years, would white patches be become scar at the back of  throat?  what does it look like if tissue becomes scar?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

Referring to following articles, I would like to know on how to heal globus hystericus, which seems causing by emotional feeling.  Would it relate to inflammation?

When I do following tasks, the symptoms temporarily improve
1) start falling into sleep
2) drink red wine
3) strongly focus on present moment, throat muscle starts to relax.

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globus_pharyngis
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318633

Prolonged inflammation will cause scarring called fibrosis, not these white patches. But if it's for 10 straight years, the underlying condition is more likely to kill you than the symptoms themselves.

Are you sure it's a case of globus hystericus? Do you every cough or have acid reflex?

I'm thinking of it being gastroesophageal reflux

There is no cough and very little acid reflex (no very often).
I would like to know on what fibrosis looks like in throat, do you have any image?

I took Lysozyme chloride tablet 60 mg for long time to reduce inflammation.

During sitting, there is no way to get acid reflex, but I still feel stress on my throat until switching focus and relax throat muscle.

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

I don't get burning feeling very often, that may less than 1% over 10 years period.

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

Does people get any feeling for gastroesophageal reflux?

After meal, would lying on bed be easier to get gastroesophageal reflux?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

(https://d3i71xaburhd42.cloudfront.net/f886056ba04d0c763b9bb1b1b8f2bf2d1f088de1/3-Figure3-1.png)

(http://www.waent.org/archives/2009/vol2-1/submucosal-fibrosis/20090400-submucous-fibrosis-740.jpg)

The reason I say it is GERD is because this happened to my father in the past, and it would happen for several months straight during the colder, drier months. The only way he'd feel relief is my coughing, and sometimes he'd cough a lot because of the acidity.

Do you ever feel a sour taste at the back of your throat?

I don't taste anything sour at the back of throat at this moment.

The source of sour taste should come from stomach acid, correct?

Has your father check Helicobacter pylori test?

Do your father smoking?

Do you find the main cause on your father's case?

-----------------------------------------------------------
I don't smoke

I see doctor today and arrange 2 different specialists for further checking, I ready want to know the root cause.

Check Tonsils or Throat inflammation

Check Helicobacter pylori (having stomach gas over a long period of time)

Do you have any suggestions on what other aspects should be checked?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

It may also be a stone formed within your tonsil

(https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/8uas9UffS6ZXKD7TqAGw7b-1200-80.jpg)

My dad's condition never got solved other than it went away on its own. It usually comes back every fall, once it starts to get colder, then subsides by March. Luckily this year it didn't happen at all.

He attributes it too eating too many acidic foods, because he feels sourness at the back of his throat. Inflammation from acid may cause globus pharyngeus. GERD can also cause muscle spasms that trigger feelings of an object caught in the throat.

What I would suggest is you try an antacid for a couple of days and see how that makes you feel. Do take medication that the doctor subscribes without researching what it does and how it does it/

Antacid seems not suitable to my case, since I don't feel sour at the back of throat.  For your father's case, do you find on what main source cause sour taste at the back of throat?

I would go on following directions for finding the root cause.

1) Check any bacteria or virus causing Tonsils or Throat inflammation

2) Check throat inflammation caused by stomach acid
    a) Eating too fast
    b) Helicobacter pylori
    c) Other

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

We never got to the bottom of it, but he feels it was due to gastric acids flowing into his pharynx. He never used antacids, but I'm making this suggestion for you just to see how you react to it. He felt the sourness when he coughed very hard, so it wasn't always present.


If you had a bacteria infection in the stomach, you'd feel the pain physically. Similarly, throat infections are easy to distinguish, they normally subside within a week. Sometimes throat infections lead to tonsil stones that are lodged into it; this happens when white blood cells are sent to an area of infection, they leave microscopic calcifications behind that, over time, may lead to tonsil stones.


(a) Unlikely
(b) Unlikely
(c) Yes

A doctor should be able to provide you with better advice because they know your medical history, your physical condition and perform blood tests if required. Please update us when you hear from your doctor.

I would like to know more about what is going on with Ulcer and Scar Band.

How to treat ulcer and scar band?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

Peptic ulcers are treated with antibacterial medication.

I'm not sure what you mean by "scar band", do you mind elaborating?

Please see your given image as shown below

(https://biology-forums.com/gallery/42/94679_01_03_21_5_04_19.jpeg) (https://biology-forums.com/index.php?action=gallery;sa=view&id=42664)

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

An ulcer is an open sore, but I can't say with confidence why the scar bands are white.

If the red area of throat is ulcer, which can be treat with antibacterial medication.
Today, doctor assigns "Augmentin :  amoxycillin + clavulanate potassium 1g" for 7 days, he mentions to take tablets during the meal (2 times per day).  Could this antibacterial medication treat any bacteria in throat and Helicobacter pylori (if possible) on stomach as well?

Furthermore, since antibacterial medication can only treat bacteria, but not virus, in case I get covid-19 virus, would antibacterial medication making virus stronger as well? That is risk

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

Yes, it's known to be prescribed for ulcers as well.


Not much of a risk because the drug doesn't target bacteria along your respiratory tract.

I am going to monitor on whether ulcer would disappear or not.

Thank you very much for suggestions (^v^)

I would like to confirm on following concepts

1)  Taking antibacterial medication, which REDUCE bacteria and prevent further inflammation
2)  Taking Lysozyme chloride, which ONLY reduce inflammation temporary
3)  For long period inflammation, it would become scar, would it finally become cancer?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

1. Correct
2. It assists in infection and inflammation. Why are you using this?
3. Over time, chronic inflammation can cause DNA damage and lead to cancer.

Some area of throat shows red (ulcer) but not painful, I would like to know on how long antibacterial medication takes to heal ulcer.  Furthermore, what activity is doing within ulcer area?

Doctor mentions that Lysozyme chloride is just enzyme to reduce inflammation.

Do you have any suggestions on what Lysozyme chloride actually do?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

It's killing the bacteria, which is the root cause of the ulcer.


Lysozyme is an enzyme that breaks down the bonds that make up peptidoglycan, which is the major component of gram-positive bacterial cell wall. So if the ulcer is caused by gram-positive bacteria, it will help to eliminate the bacteria. It's really up to you whether or not you want to take it along with Augmentin. Did you doctor prescribe both of these?

Yes, would it be better not to take Lysozyme along with Augmentin?
Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

I couldn't say, because in my opinion, both drugs have a similar end goal, so I don't know if taking them together will help to achieve that goal faster.

If there is no bad side on taking both together, then I keep taking both.
I would monitor the status, and want to solve this throat issue over a long period of time.

I am very appreciated for all your help
Thank you very much for suggestions (^v^)

Okay, oemBiology (https://biology-forums.com/index.php?action=profile;u=94679). Please update us within a week to tell us the results.

Thanks

After finishing all antibacterial medication, the color of ulcer area is still deep red without any pain.

Do you have any suggestions on why color remains red?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

If it's still deep red, then you have to give it time until it repairs itself. You have to avoid eating acidic foods, and try taking menthol lozenges to reduce the pain and cool that area down. The redness should subside on its own eventually. On a side note, what's bothering you about it now that the medicine is finished? Did you feel any improvement?

If the area still deep red without any pain, I would like to know on what is going on inside this deep red area as shown below

1) is there any on going activity between bacteria and immune system on this deep red area?
2) would this deep red area convert into scar?
3) do I need stronger antibacterial medication in order to treat this deep red area?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

The deep red is because the flesh is still raw, the wound is still fresh. Unlike a wound on the surface of one's skin, this wound isn't exposed to air for it try out quickly.


1) Bacteria should be dead by now.
2) Unlikely
3) Your doctor should take a swab of that area to determine whether another treatment is necessary. This is dependent on the results of that test.

I would see doctor tomorrow, and would like to know on what possible cause is for deep red area without pain, and what question should be asked about this deep red issue during appointment?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

Ask your medical professional when the redness will go away. If possible, have your doctor take a swab of that area to further exam if there are still any other underlying issues.

Let us know what he/she says

Doctor provides following drugs:

1) Pantoprazole (Sodium Sequihydrate) Tablet 40 mg
2) Dimethlpolysiloane Tablet 40 mg

His approach is mainly focus on stomach acid, without any further comment on deep red area.

I would like to know on whether Pantoprazole can treat fasciitis to reduce inflammation or not.

https://www.drugs.com/tips/pantoprazole-patient-tips

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

Hi oemBiology (https://biology-forums.com/index.php?action=profile;u=94679), sorry for the late response.


Pantoprazole does not treat fasciitis. Pantoprazole is used for treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal ulcers.

Dimethylpolysiloxane can be used to treat inflammatory conditions of the esophagus as well as inflammatory and ulcerative conditions of the digestive tract.

Have you started the regimen?

Related to stomach gas, what to do with regimen?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

Who mentioned this?

"Regimen" related to a prescribed course of medical treatment, diet, or exercise for the promotion or restoration of health.

For regimen, I would like to know on what related activity should start with.

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

When I refer to regimen, I meant in terms of the medication prescribed to you -- it's not in reference to your diet, exercise, etc.


Have you started taking the new medication prescribed to you?

Yes, I would take medication for 2 weeks.

Referring to following statement, I used to drink red wine before sleep (2-3 times per week), and would like to know on whether red wine causes GERD or not during sleep period with empty stomach.

"Although alcohol does not directly interact with pantoprazole (brand name Protonix), it can cause your stomach to generate more acid than normal—the exact condition the medication is meant to correct (NHS, 2018). "

Furthermore, how many hour does Pantoprazole last? would it be better not drinking red wine within this 2 weeks?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

https://www.getroman.com/health-guide/pantoprazole-alcohol/

Wine is highly acidic, and would not be recommended if you had GERD. I would stay away from it, tea and coffee.

Pantoprazole has an average half-life of just one hour. It takes approximately 5.5 x the half-life of a drug for it to be cleared from your system, which would mean it takes about five and a half hours for pantoprazole.

Using Pantoprazole  to treat GERD is not the best approach, stomach acid is good for body defend system, I would like to know on how stomach would be triggered and release acid.

1) would drinking 0.5L of water trigger stomach to release acid?
2) whenever food enters stomach, would acid be release automatically?
3) If I eat something every hour, would stomach non-stop to release acid?

I think it is better to control eating habit instead of using Pantoprazole.

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

Gastrin is a hormone that is produced by 'G' cells in the lining of the stomach and upper small intestine. During a meal, gastrin stimulates the stomach to release gastric acid.

Water doesn't stimulate gastric acid production. The amount of gastric acid produced is proportional to the amount of food you eat. Some foods take up to 6 hours to digest in the stomach.


I agree. Remember at the beginning of this conversation when you first started the thread, I told you my dad had GERD, and he blamed it on acidic foods. Limit the acidity, take an antacid, see how that makes you feel instead of taking medicines.

I would like to know on what trigger 'G' cells in the lining of the stomach and upper small intestine, would any solid object touching 'G' cells trigger release acid? what is the mechanism of this 'G' cells?

How do drinking red wine trigger releasing acid? that is liquid as well.


I would like to know on how antacid work, the root cause of issues are stomach acid, it is better to limit the period on releasing acid, correct?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

Nerves and hormones regulate digestion based on the amount of food and its composition. What stimulates the G cells is the distention of the gut wall (for example: how much its been stretched) after a meal stimulates the release of signals from sensory receptors, which respond with muscle action and enzyme secretion. In my opinion, the physiology here is irrelevant to your condition.


Wine is acidic. It doesn't trigger the release of acid, but can irritates your pharynx and esophagus.


Antacids are weak bases that act by chemically neutralizing gastric acid. Raising the pH (making it more basic) of the stomach contents results in suppression of the action of pepsin (protein digesting enzyme) that exacerbates ulceration due to acid. Thus, antacids can be used to relieve gastric pain caused by excessive acid secretion.

I need to switch the focus, is there a gate blocking between stomach and throat? so when people do upside down, foods in stomach would be avoid to leak into throat.

Is there anyway to strength the gate? so it can avoid any leaking acidic gas / liquid from stomach into throat.


Green Tea is also weak bases as well, could I drink green tea instead? which I drink everyday

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

It's called the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), and that's usually a cause of GERD.


When a person regularly overeats or is overweight, their stomach swells and puts a lot of extra pressure on the LES. Over time, the LES loses its shape and its strength, allowing acid to flow upward, causing further damage to the LES. Other causes could be medicines you've taken that have weaken the sphincter, and alcohol is known to be a trigger for people with GERD, but for those who do not have it, regular consumption of alcohol can reduce the LES’ ability to close. Alcohol relaxes the muscles in the LES and allows stomach acid to flow upward, which over time also causes considerable damage to the LES.


If it is basic, then it shouldn't be a concern.

Is there any solution on fixing (LES) issue?

When body sleeps at 30 degree instead of flat surface, it can prevent acid reaching (LES).  Please see below image

(https://biology-forums.com/gallery/42/94679_14_03_21_5_19_26.jpeg) (https://biology-forums.com/index.php?action=gallery;sa=view&id=42786)

If people can sleep on standing up position, which can 100% prevent GERD as well.

Do you find any study on how well people sleep at 30 degree as comparing with on flat surface?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

I ate dinner before 8pm, and did not eat anything after that.

How long do food stay in stomach? would 4 hours be enough? and move into intestine.

During sleeping after 12 am, I still feel stomach acid move up into throat on lying down position.

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

Yes, your posture has an influence on GERD. Here's a study to back that up:


https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/197991

If you ate your last meal at 8 PM, you can safely go to sleep by 12 AM (night).

Food takes roughly 2 to 6 hours to digest, depending on the oil and protein content of that food. Please watch the following video created by our website regarding digestion in the stomach.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iRQikzlC_Y8

Once foods are digested after 2-6 hours, would acid be reduced within stomach?
During sleeping after 12 am, I would like to know on why I still feel a bit little burning feeling on throat (GERD), since foods suppose to be moved into intestine.

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

I would like to know on whether 28cm would be minimize height to raise up the bed or not to be effective on reducing GERD

I can find blocks of 25 cm instead of 28 cm, is there any study about the height of blocks?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

The affected area is sore, means also that it's healing.


If I had access to the full study, the author probably mentions the affects of more or less height.

Do you find any related article talking about how well people sleep on slope surface as comparing with flat surface?

On slope surface, there is less blood flow into brain during sleeping, would it be better?
Is there any more comparison on this issue?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

Sleeping on an incline would be healthiest, but not too comfortable. Sleeping on a decline would be counterintuitive. Have you tried doing this since your last past?

Do you find any study on what sloping angle be the best for sleeping?
Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

I couldn't find a legitimate study, but online people are recommending a height of 6 to 8 inches. At this height, gravity can prevent stomach acid from leaking into the esophagus and you can sleep better.

That is the size available on market.
Thank you very much for suggestions (^v^)

What do you mean?

I also find out that the height with 6 - 8 inches is available (popular) on market as well.

Thank you very much for suggestions (^v^)

How's your throat now, has it improved in appearance or is it still raw?

Deep red is still appeared within throat, since stomach acid seems to be the root cause, so I stop taking Pantoloc, and consider sleeping on an incline approach.

Furthermore, chewing foods longer within mouth can reduce the workload within stomach, it may reduce the period of triggering stomach acid as well, correct?

Thank you very much for suggestions (^v^)

Yes, lifestyle changes like that will help in the long run. Also, make sure to fast for two to four hours before your last meal.

Do you mean that there is fast (not eating anything) for 2 - 4 hours before dinner?
What do this fast activity do?

Do you have any suggestions?
Thank you very much for any suggestions (^v^)

Hi oemBiology (https://biology-forums.com/index.php?action=profile;u=94679), has your condition cleared since the last time you posted?