Definition for Difference between revisions of "Lamin"
From Biology Forums Dictionary
(Created page with "Nuclear lamins (not to be confused with laminins), also known as Class V intermediate filaments, are fibrous proteins providing structural function and transcriptional regulation...") |
|||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| − | Nuclear lamins (not to be confused with | + | '''Nuclear lamins''' (not to be confused with [[laminin]]s), also known as Class V intermediate filaments, are fibrous proteins providing structural function and transcriptional regulation in the cell nucleus. Nuclear lamins interact with membrane-associated proteins to form the nuclear lamina on the interior of the nuclear envelope. They are involved in the breakdown and reformation of the nuclear envelope during mitosis, as well as the positioning of nuclear pores. |
== Function and structure == | == Function and structure == | ||
Latest revision as of 12:02, 5 December 2017
Nuclear lamins (not to be confused with laminins), also known as Class V intermediate filaments, are fibrous proteins providing structural function and transcriptional regulation in the cell nucleus. Nuclear lamins interact with membrane-associated proteins to form the nuclear lamina on the interior of the nuclear envelope. They are involved in the breakdown and reformation of the nuclear envelope during mitosis, as well as the positioning of nuclear pores.
Function and structure
These proteins localize to two regions of the nuclear compartment, the nuclear lamina—a proteinaceous structure layer subjacent to the inner surface of the nuclear envelope and throughout the nucleoplasm in the nucleoplasmic "veil".
Comparison of the lamins to cytoskeletal intermediate filaments shows that lamins have an extra 42 residues (six heptads) within coil 1b. The c-terminal tail domain contains a nuclear localization signal (NLS), an Ig-fold-like domain, and in most cases a carboxy-terminal CaaX box that is isoprenylated and carboxymethylated (lamin C does not have a CAAX box). Lamin A is further processed to remove the last 15 amino acids and its farnesylated cysteine.
Lamin A and lamin C form homodimers which associate head to tail.
During mitosis, lamins are phosphorylated by Mitosis-Promoting Factor (MPF), which drives the disassembly of the lamina and the nuclear envelope. After chromosome segregation, dephosphorylation of nuclear lamins promotes reassembly of the nuclear envelope.