Definition for Posterior lobe
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The posterior lobe of cerebellum is the portion of the cerebellum caudal to the primary fissure.
It is sometimes equated to the "neocerebellum", since phylogenetically it is the newest part of the cerebellum. It plays an important role in fine motor coordination, specifically in the inhibition of involuntary movement via inhibitory neurotransmitters, especially GABA.
The posterior lobe receives input mainly from the brainstem (i.e., reticular formation and inferior olivary nucleus) and cerebral cortex.