0133427269 Module43 Advocacy LectureOutline

Module 43 Advocacy The Concept of Advocacy Definitions Advocacy is protecting Advocate is one who expresses, defends cause of another Client advocate acts to protect client and defend client from harm Nurse demonstrates by representing clients needs and wishes to other health professionals Positive experience for nurses and clients See CONCEPTS RELATED TO ADVOCACY, p. 2556 The advocates role Complexities of healthcare system challenge clients Well-educated to lower levels of literacy Overall goal is to protect clients rights Nurse provides clients with information To make informed decisions Support rights to make own decisions Nurse remains objective Client who lacks decision-making capacity Legally incompetent or minor Designated healthcare surrogate or legal guardian Effective advocacy requires nurse to Be assertive Recognize that rights, values of clients, families take precedence Be aware that conflicts may arise Nurse and administrative personnel Nurse and primary provider Work with community agencies and lay practitioners Understand that advocacy may require political actions Advocacy in home care Unique concerns Operate on own personal values, revert to old habits at home Noncompliance versus client autonomy Resource availability and allocation See LIFESPAN CONSIDERATIONS Advocacy Across the Life Span, p. 2558 Empowering the client Support and advocate Clients and families facing difficult choices Living with results of choices Mutual respect, trust, confidence in others abilities and motives Empowering ( caring behavior or enabling (facilitating) anothers passage through life transitions Includes coaching, informing, explaining, supporting, assisting, guiding, focusing, validating May involve providing substitutive care May involve providing environment in which client able to function safely and effectively Nurse maintains professional boundaries, responsibilities Avoid enabling pathological choices by the client Facilitate growth and development Four dimensions of advocacy (Knowlden) Being client advocate Following through or following up Providing resources Going above and beyond Educating providers and others Gap between rights of clients in theory and practice Educate providers Direct care providers sometimes feel threatened by expansion of client rights Regulations may hamper treatment For example, drug test results on an adolescent Confidentiality must be maintained Local, state, national advocacy programs Mental illness, disability Professional and public advocacy Professional organizations advocate at state and national levels For profession of nursing Members Those who benefit from services that nurses provide Nurses in position to effect change Advocating for children and families Directed at helping child and family adjust to changes in childs health in their own way Aware of childs and familys Needs Resources Healthcare options Ensure that policies and resources of healthcare agencies meet psychosocial needs Active participation on committees that develop policies, guidelines See Table 43-1 ADVOCATING FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, p. 2559 Advocating for vulnerable populations Including Poor Disability or mental illness Any client unable to advocate for self Ensure needs and rights are not overlooked or ignored Clients with disabilities 1990 ADA ( federal protection to individuals with physical and/or mental health disabilities 1991 Patient Self-Determination Act Protect rights of clients to accept or reject aspects of medical care Nurses often in position to ensure that both letter and spirit of law followed Issues in mental health settings Clients particularly vulnerable to physical and psychological abuse Frequent types of abuse Supplying clients with drugs or alcohol in return for favors Making privileges contingent on favors from clients Slapping and kicking clients when staff members feel frustrated Using restraints when other less intrusive alternatives are available Verbal harassment General threats of harm Inhumane physical facilities Sexual misconduct Identified cause that may lead to client abuse include Unsuitability of staff members Do not have patience or understanding to work with clients having trouble with self-control Buildup of stresses ( burnout Actual lack of knowledge Advocacy interventions Designing and conducting advocacy interventions Assess client for ability to cooperate and make decisions Assess reliability of information provided by client Assess clients medical history and family situation Specific areas of advocacy interventions include Educating clients and families about legal rights Monitoring treatment planning and delivery of service Evaluating policies and procedures regarding infringement of client rights Ensuring that clients have necessary information to make informed decision, give informed consent Questioning other healthcare professionals when care provided based on stereotypic ideas rather than assessment of individual clients needs Speaking out for safe practice conditions when threatened by budget cutbacks Responsibility to communicate and collaborate Duty to intervene and advocate requires clear communications Client, other healthcare professionals Ensures client safety Enhances client care Increases likelihood of positive outcomes for client Formulating a plan to intervene Formulate plan of care prior to implementing interventions Assess clinical and legal implications of actions Illegal, immoral, or unethical activities of professionals Nurses are advocates for all clients Legal responsibility to report any professional suspected of engaging in illegal, immoral, or unethical activities Impaired nurse ( guidelines of state board of nursing ANA ( failure to act is violation of code of ethics Most common situation encountered by healthcare professionals Alcohol or drugs Emotional overload Interfere with job performance, result in unsafe clinical practice Nursing practice Nurses morally obligated to act as advocates for all clients Off duty as well as time at work Advocacy can affect clients well-being by helping eliminate barriers Access to healthcare services Role of client advocate begins in nursing school Incorporated into daily professional practice Review The Concept of Advocacy Relate Link the Concepts and Exemplars Refer Go to Nursing Student Resources Reflect Case Study 2015 by Education, Inc. 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