Transcript
Chemistry practice test 3
Question 1
What is the percentage composition of sodium and sulphur and oxygen in sodium sulphate?
30.4, 22, 45
31, 24, 46
31.4, 22.8, 45.7
30.1, 22.8, 46.7
30, 21.8, 46.7
Correct Answer : c) 31.4, 22.8 & 45.7
Explanation:
Method is as follows:
Molecular formula for sodium sulphate is Na2SO4
Molar mass of sodium sulphate is 44+32+64 = 140
Mass percent of sodium is (2*22) / (140) * 100 = 31.4
Mass percent of sulphur is (1*32) / (140) * 100 = 22.8
Mass percent of oxygen is (4*16) / (140) * 100 = 45.7
Question 2
Identify the anode, cathode, oxidation half-cell and reduction half-cell in the following cell diagram.
A- anode, reduction half-cell; B- cathode, oxidation half-cell
A- cathode, reduction half-cell; B- anode, oxidation half-cell
A-anode, oxidation half-cell; B- cathode, reduction half-cell
A- cathode, oxidation half-cell; B- anode, reduction half-cell
A- anode, reduction half-cell; B- cathode, reduction half-cell
Correct Answer : c) A-anode, oxidation half-cell; B- cathode, reduction half-cell
Explanation:
Explanation: The anodic reaction is always to be written on the left hand of the cell diagram and the cathodic reaction is to be written on the right hand side. An oxidation reaction always takes place at the anode and the reduction reaction always takes place at the cathode.
Question 3
Which of the following is an example for an isolated system?
A pot of boiling water
Boiling a soup in an open sauce pan in a stove
Cooking rice in a pressure cooker
An open tank of water
Hot water in a thermos flask
Correct Answer : e) Hot water in a thermos flask
Explanation:
Hot water in a thermos flask is an example for an isolated system where neither energy nor matter can enter or exit. Boiling a soup in an open sauce pan in a stove is an example for open system in which, it can freely exchange its energy and matter with its surroundings. Cooking rice in a pressure cooker is an example for a closed system where it can exchange only energy with its surroundings. A pot of boiling water and an open tank of water is an example for an open system as the matter gets exchanged with its surroundings.
Question 4
The bond order for helium molecule is
1
2
2.5
3
0
Correct Answer : e) 0
Explanation:
The electronic configuration of helium in the ground state is represented as (?1s)2 and in the excited state, it is represented as (?*1s)2.
So, number of electrons in bonding molecular orbital (Nb) is 2 and number of electrons in antibonding molecular orbital (Na) is 2.
The bond order for He2 is 0, so the molecule does not exist.
Question 5
The order of ionisation energy is
s< p < d < f
s> p > d > f
s> p > d < f
s< d < p < f
s< p < f < d
Correct Answer : b) s > p > d > f
Explanation:
The ionisation energy depends upon the atomic radius. As the s-orbital electrons remain closer to the nucleus, the ionisation energy will be greater for s- orbital than for p-, d- and f- orbitals.
Question 6
Which of the following alkyl halides will undergo faster SN2 reactions?
CH3 – X
10 alkyl halide
20 alkyl halide
30 alkyl halide
All of these
Correct Answer : a) CH3 – X
Explanation:
When the number of R groups in the carbon atoms gets increased, the reactivity of SN2reactions will be decreased. So, methyl halide will undergo faster SN2 reaction than primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl halides. Tertiary alkyl halide does not undergo SN2reaction because of steric hindrance.
Question 7
Which apparatus is used for mixing of organic chemicals?
Erlenmeyer flask
Florence flask
Beaker
Measuring jar
Buckner funnel
Correct Answer : b) Florence flask
Explanation:
Florence flask is used for mixing of organic chemicals. It is commonly called as round-bottom flask or boiling flask. Its narrow neck prevents the splash exposure.
Erlenmeyer flask is used for volumetric titration. It is also called as conical flask.
Buckner funnel is used for vacuum filtration.
Question 8
The relative intensity of signals in proton NMR is related to
Chemical shift and magnetic environment of proton
Different number of protons
Number of adjacent atoms containing number of protons
Total number of protons present in the molecule
Coupling constant
Correct Answer : d) Total number of protons present in the molecule
Explanation:
The relative intensity of signals in proton NMR is proportional to total number of protons present in the molecule. Number of signals indicates how many different kinds of protons are present in the molecule. Position of signals indicates the chemical shift and magnetic environment of proton. Splitting of signals indicates the number of adjacent atoms containing different number of protons.
Question 9
For acid-base equilibrium, the reaction always favours theformation of the
Strongest acid and the Strongest base
Weakest acid and the strongest base
Weakest acid and the weakest base
Strongest acid and the weakest base
Either a or c
Correct Answer : c) Weakest acid and weakest base
Explanation:
In an acid-base equilibrium, the reaction always favours the formation of the weakest acid and the weakest base due to their stability. The weakest acid and the weakest base must always be on the same side of the reaction.
Question 10
The oxidation state of oxygen in OF2 is
-2
+1
-1
+2
0
Correct Answer : d) +2
Explanation:
It's an unusual compound, in which oxygen takes the positive oxidation number +2. Because F is more electronegative than O, therefore F gets the -1 oxidation state and O gets the positive oxidation state.
Question 11
Calculate the angle at which second order reflection will occur in an X-ray spectrometer when X-rays of wavelength 1.54? are diffracted by atoms of a crystal, with interplanar distance of 4.04 A0.
100 59'
220 24'
240 22'
590 10'
120 50'
Correct Answer : b) 220 24'
Explanation:
Given data: ? = 1.55, d = 4.04 A0
For second order reflection n=2,
Bragg equation is 2d sin ? = 2?
? = sin-1 (?/d) = sin-1(0.381) = 220 24'
Question 12
The unit of surface tension is
a) erg cm-2
b) N
c) dyne cm-1
d) N m-1
e) Both c and d
Correct Answer : e) Both c and d
Explanation:
Surface tension is generally expressed in terms of dyne cm-1. In SI unit, surface tension is expressed in terms of N m-1.
Question 13
Pick out the correct statement related to Boyle's law
When pressure increases, volume also gets increased
Graph of pressure Vs. volume gives straight line
P1 * P2 = V1 * V2
P a 1/V
None of these
Correct Answer : d) P a 1/V
Explanation:
When pressure increases, volume gets decreased. Graph of pressure Vs volume gives curve. P1 * V1 = P2 * V2.
Question 14
The defect which is generally found in compounds of transition metals having variable valency is
Schottky defect
Frenkel defect
Metal excess defect
Metal deficiency defect
Line defect
Correct Answer : d) Metal deficiency defect
Explanation:
Metal deficiency defect is due to cation vacancy. Schottky defect is commonly found in ionic crystals in which cations and anions are of similar size. Frenkel defect is shown by ionic crystals of different size. Metal excess defect is due to anion vacancy and interstitial cation. In line defect, groups of atoms are arranged in an irregular position.
Question 15
When a decomposition reaction involves redox reactions, it is called
Single displacement reactions
Internal redox reaction
Simple redox reaction
Disproportionation reaction
None of these
Correct Answer : b) Internal redox reaction.
Explanation:
When a decomposition reaction involves redox reactions; it is called asinternal redox reaction, because the oxidized and reduced elements originate in the same compound. N in NH4+ is oxidized from -3 to 0 and N in NO2- is reduced from +3 to 0. Both redox reactions occur in the same NH4NO2 molecule.
Ex: NH4NO2(s)?N2(g) + 2 H2O(g)
In single displacement reactions, atom of one reactant replaces the atom of the other reactant.
Ex: a A + b BC?c AC + d B
In simple redox reaction,oxidation numbers of ionic reactants are changed by the direct transfer of electrons from one ion to the other.
Ex: 2 Fe3+(aq) + Sn2+(aq) ? 2 Fe2+(aq) + Sn4+(aq)
In a disproportionation reaction, the same species will simultaneously get oxidised and reduced to form two different products.
