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SlideshowReport

Cumulative risk framework

Description
Exposure to environmental hazards is linked to health disparities. The hazards are listed as follows. lead paint, air pollutant, contaminated soil, contaminated drinking water, untreated drinking water, household toxic substances, and pesticide exposure in household and farm workers.

From the exposure, there are various vulnerability factors, which from top to bottom are as follows.

Susceptibility, which includes. genetic predisposition to disease, effects on fetus, infants, and children, effects of aging, compromised immune system, and preexisting health conditions.

Differential exposure, which includes. proximity to pollution sources, employment in high exposure or dangerous jobs, past exposures, multiple routes of exposure to one chemical, multiple exposures to different pollutants, subsistence consumption, discrimination, lack of information, and lack of social capital.

Differential preparedness, which includes. poor nutrition, compromised health or immune system, poor or no healthcare, cultural practices, lack of recreation facilities, poor community services, low income, low education, dilapidated housing, emotional stress, crime, vermin, insects and rodents, unemployment or underemployment, discrimination, lack of information, and lack of social capital.

Differential ability to recover, which includes the same items as differential preparedness.

All of these lead to health disparities, which are listed as follows. asthma, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, infant mortality, and birth defects.
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