Delayed discontinuation from mechanical ventilatory support exposes the patient to which of the following unnecessary risks? I. stretch injury II. infection III. airway trauma IV. community acquired pneumonia
A. III, IV only
B. I, II, III only
C. I, II, IV only
D. II, III, IV only
Q. 2 Which of the following problems are associated with premature withdrawal from mechanical ventilation and untimely extubation? I. hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis II. cardiovascular stress III. muscle overload and fatigue IV. loss of airway protection
A. I, II only
B. II, IV only
C. III, IV only
D. II, III, IV only
Q. 3 Traditional standard care approaches associated with weaning are estimated to comprise what percentage of the total patient time receiving mechanical ventilation?
A. 50
B. 40
C. 30D. 20
Q. 4 A patient with pulmonary emphysema is the recipient of a single lung transplant. Which of the following interventions would be appropriate for the management of this type patient? I. bronchial hygiene therapy II. positioned with the allograft side down III. independent lung ventilation IV. large fluid volume replacement
A. I, IV only
B. II, III only
C. I, II, III only
D. I, II, III, IV
Q. 5 A patient has undergone a bronchoscopy and physical examination of the pulmonary system. The following clinical data were obtained: carbonaceous sputum airway edema erythema/ulceration What type of lung condition does this patient likely exhibit?
A. postlung transplantation
B. ischemia-reperfusion induced lung injury
C. smoke inhalation/pulmonary burn
D. idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Q. 6 Which of the following pathophysiologic changes may occur in association with brain death and be harmful to the lungs from an organ donor? I. deactivation of pulmonary surfactant II. increased capillary permeability III. cytokine pulmonary-mediated pro-inflammatory response IV. activation of pulmonary fibroblasts
A. I, IV only
B. II, III only
C. I, II, III only
D. II, III, IV only
Q. 7 Which of the following medications has been demonstrated to improve lung procurement after a patient has been declared brain dead?
A. pulmonary surfactant
B. third generation cephalosporin
C. dexmedetomidine
D. Solu-Medrol
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