All of the following are necessary conditions for the diagnosis of a personality disorder EXCEPT
a. patient feelings of distress.
b. pervasive pattern of behavior.
c. maladaptive functioning.
d. chronicity.
Question 2According to the definition of personality disorder, only individuals who show ________ patterns of maladaptive behavior should be diagnosed with a personality disorder.
a. suicidal
b. the most severe
c. relatively permanent
d. highly variable
Question 3You just adopted a puppy and want to teach it to fetch the newspaper. What approach would B. F. Skinner advise you to take?
a. Punish the puppy each time it does not fetch the paper
b. Give the puppy a treat each time it gets a little closer to fetching perfectly
c. Give the puppy a treat each time it fetches perfectly and not otherwise
d. Be patient and understand that behavior shaping occurs naturally over developmental stages
Question 4A patient arrives in your office with a severe fear of spiders. You treat this patient by gradually introducing her to snake images, snake toys, and eventually live snakes in order to show her that nothing bad happened in the presence of these objects. You are using the therapeutic technique called
a. Cognitive therapy
b. Systematic desensitization
c. Operant conditioning
d. Multidimensional therapy
Question 5The continual interaction of biological, psychological, and social influences and their effect on behavior is considered
a. sociocultural.
b. psychobiological/biopsychological.
c. systematic.
d. multidimensional and integrative.
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