In Piaget's theory, a scheme can best be described as:

In Piaget's theory, a scheme can best be described as:
 
  A) A lifestyle or family pattern.
  B) A set of motor skills that preschoolers develop.
  C) A repeatedly used group of similar thoughts or actions.
  D) A mental picture of oneself.

Ques. 2

Vygotsky's concept of zone of proximal development can best be described as:
 
  A) The degree of maturation necessary to accomplish a particular physical task.
  B) Children's ability to estimate how much they know.
  C) The range of tasks children can perform by themselves.
  D) The range of tasks children can accomplish only with support.

Ques. 3

Which one of the following clearly illustrates Piaget's concept of assimilation?
 
  A) A kindergarten child mistakenly writes on the chalkboard using a large white crayon instead of chalk.
  B) A third grader develops the necessary eye-hand coordination for writing letters.
  C) A sixth grader moves to a different school and changes styles to fit local fashions.
  D) An eighth grader who continually uses the word awesome in his compositions is encouraged to use other, more specific adjectives.

Ques. 4

Which one of the following most accurately describes the general concept of temperament?
 
  A) The ways that individuals have learned to react to environmental stimuli as a result of their past experiences
  B) An inherited predisposition to interact with one's environment in certain ways
  C) A tendency to exhibit occasional, unpredictable outbursts of anger
  D) The extent to which people like or dislike themselves

Ques. 5

A sensitive period in development can best be described as:
 
  A) A stage of development in which children display unpredictable (and often inappropriate) emotional responses.
  B) A period during children's cognitive development in which they are highly distractible and frequently off task in the classroom.
  C) An approach to teaching or parenting that takes a child's developmental level into account.
  D) An age range during which environmental conditions are most likely to have an effect on a particular aspect of development.

Ques. 6

When Ms. Krakowski teaches the process of long division, she describes the objective of the lesson and demonstrates the procedure on the board. Then she has students solve long-division problems at the chalkboard, where she can give them frequent guidance as they work. Later, after the students show some proficiency with long division, she has them work on additional problems at their desks. Ms. Krakowski's approach can best be classified as which of the following?
 
  A) Promoting information literacy
  B) Task analysis
  C) Student-directed instruction
  D) Direct instruction