If a lobbyist is establishing rapport with members of the legislature and learning which members of the legislature would tend to support the cause, they are
a. co-opting legislators.
b. lobbying before the legislative session begins.
c. implementing policy.
d. delegating responsibility.
e. practicing astroturf lobbying.
Q. 2Which of the following is an institutional constraint that encourages the two major political parties to operate as big tents?
a. Multimember districts
b. Proportional representation
c. Closed primaries
d. Direct and open primaries
Q. 3Electioneering, educating the public, and framing the issues are all means used by interest groups as they attempt to
a. directly influence the government.
b. engage in astroturf lobbying.
c. practice co-optation.
d. implement policy.
e. indirectly influence the government.
Q. 4All of the following are true of the responsible party model EXCEPT
a. parties should be ideologically consistent by presenting a clear platform and set of policies that are principledand distinctive.
b. when looking at third parties, one would be hard-pressed to find one that reflects the normative ideal ofresponsible parties.
c. voters are expected to choose a candidate based on whether or not they agree with the proposed programsand policies of that candidate's party.
d. once in office, the candidate and the party are to be held accountable for implementing the party's programsand policies.
Q. 5The situation that exists when a public official is in a position to make a decision that might result in personal economic benefit is
a. co-optation.
b. astroturf lobbying.
c. delegation.
d. discretion.
e. conflict of interest.
Q. 6Which of the following is NOT a function of a political party?
a. Candidate recruitment
b. Political socialization
c. Lobby electioneering
d. Linkage between citizens and government
Q. 7Capturing of a state institution by members of an interest group is
a. delegation.
b. co-optation.
c. implementation.
d. discretion.
e. lobbying.
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