The speed of light is about 300,000 km/s (3 105 km/s). How far does light travel in 30 seconds?
A) 300 thousand km (300,000, or 3 105 km) B) 9 million km (9,000,000, or 9 106 km)
C) 10 thousand km (10,000, or 106 km) D) 900 thousand km (900,000, or 9 105 km)
Question 2How many seconds are in one year? (Calculate this, do not look it up.)
A) about 86 thousand (86,000, or 8.6 105 ) B) about 380 million (380,000,000, or 3.8 108 )
C) about 30 million (30,000,000, or 3 107 ) D) about 3,600 (3.6 103 )
Question 3Imagine that we put a raisin cake into the oven, with each raisin separated from the others by 1 cm. An hour later, we take it out and the distances between raisins are 3 cm.
If you lived in one of the raisins and watched the other raisins as the cake expanded, which of the following would you conclude?
A) More distant raisins would be moving away from you more slowly.
B) All raisins would be moving away from you at the same speed.
C) More distant raisins would be moving away from you faster.
D) It depends: If you lived in a raisin near the left side of the cake, you'd see other raisins moving away from you, but they'd be coming toward you if you lived in a raisin near the right side of the cake.
Question 4Which of the following has virtually no effect on the internal structure of a planet?
A) its size B) its composition C) its magnetic field D) its mass
Question 5By studying distant galaxies in the 1920s, Hubble made the following important discovery that led us to conclude that the universe is expanding.
A) All galaxies contain billions of stars, and all galaxies have spiral shapes.
B) All galaxies outside the Local Group are moving away from us, and the farther away they are, the faster they're going.
C) All galaxies were born at the same time, and all will die at the same time.
D) All galaxies outside the Local Group are orbiting the Local Group.
E) All galaxies outside the Local Group are moving away from us, and all are moving away at nearly the same speed.
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