A signaling molecule that interacts with phytochrome to influence flowering is produced in

A signaling molecule that interacts with
  phytochrome to influence flowering is produced in
  a. roots.
  b. leaves.
  c. the stem.
  d. flowers.
  e. petioles.

Question 2

Even though the autumn may be unusually warm, the
  leaves from deciduous trees begin to drop during
  September. Which of the following is the best
  explanation?
  a. The trees are responding to shorter days.
  b. The autumn months are usually drier because the
  summer rains have tapered off.
  c. The effects of phototropism are operating right
  on schedule.
  d. There is not enough sunlight to carry on
  photosynthesis any longer.
  e. None of these are the best explanation.