What is the probability of getting a head' on a single toss of a coin?
a. 1.0
b. 2.0
c. 0.50
d. 0.25
What is a subject role that might be adopted by participants responding to the demand characteristics of a research study?
a. helpful subject role
b. apprehensive subject role
c. aggressive subject role
d. annoying subject role
_____ is a procedure which allows us to predict an individual's score on one variable based on knowing one or more other variables.
a. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient
b. Coefficient of determination
c. Regression analyses
d. Point-biserial correlation coefficient
How will participants change their normal behavior if they respond to demand characteristics by adopting the good subject role?
a. They will attempt to produce the data that they think you want.
b. They will attempt to make themselves appear better than they really are.
c. They will attempt to work against what they think is the research hypothesis.
d. They will follow instructions without acting on their suspicions about the study.
Two interval/ratio variables are to _____ coefficient as one interval/ratio variable and one nominal variable are to _____ coefficient.
a. Pearson product-moment correlation; Spearman rank-order correlation
b. Spearman rank-order correlation; Pearson product-moment correlation
c. phi; Spearman rank-order correlation
d. Pearson product-moment correlation; point-biserial correlation
Participants taking on the negativistic subject role ____.
a. are concerned that their performance in the study will be used to evaluate them
b. try to act in a manner such that their data are in contrast to the hypothesis
c. try to act in a manner such that their data are consistent with the hypothesis
d. try to avoid acting on the basis of their suspicions
Pam is interested is assessing the degree of relationship between gender and test grades in her psychology class. Pam should use the _____ correlation coefficient to assess this.
a. partial
b. point-biserial
c. phi
d. Pearson product-moment
Cues given to the participants about how they are expected to behave define a situation's ____.
a. experimenter bias
b. volunteer bias
c. reactivity
d. demand characteristics
Two nominal variables are to _____ coefficient as two ordinal variables are to _____ coefficient.
a. Pearson product-moment correlation; Spearman rank-order correlation
b. Spearman rank-order correlation; Pearson product-moment correlation
c. phi; Spearman rank-order correlation
d. point-biserial correlation; Spearman rank-order correlation
Participants who know that they are being observed may modify their behavior. This problem is known as ____.
a. reactivity
b. novelty
c. experimenter bias
d. volunteerism
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