A feeling that it is necessary to void, which is experienced more regularly in the elderly, is known as ________.
A) urgency
B) nocturia
C) frequency
D) urethritis
(
Question 2) Untreated streptococcal infections in childhood can lead to the kidney condition known as ________.
A) cystitis
B) hypospadias
C) urethritis
D) glomerulonephritis
(
Question 3) Which congenital condition is found in male babies only and arises when the urethral orifice is located on the ventral surface of the penis?
A) renal calculi
B) glomerulonephritis
C) hypospadias
D) cystitis
(
Question 4) The kidneys can help maintain a blood pH which is approaching the alkaline end of its range by excreting ________ ions.
A) bicarbonate
B) oxygen
C) ammonia
D) hydrogen
(
Question 5) A strong acid will dissociate and liberate more ________ ions in water than a weak acid.
A) bicarbonate
B) hydrogen
C) sodium
D) potassium
(
Question 6) Arterial blood pH above 7.45 is considered to be ________.
A) acidosis
B) normal
C) alkalosis
D) physiological acidosis
(
Question 7) What is the most important trigger for aldosterone release?
A) blood buffers
B) thirst mechanism
C) antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
D) renin-angiotensin mechanism
(
Question 8) What abnormal condition results from the lack of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) release, causing huge amounts of very dilute urine to be voided?
A) diabetes insipidus
B) glomerulonephritis
C) diabetes mellitus
D) urethritis
(
Question 9) What are the highly sensitive cells within the hypothalamus that react to changes in blood composition and cause the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) when appropriate?
A) thermoreceptors
B) baroreceptors
C) mechanoreceptors
D) osmoreceptors
(
Question 10) What is the driving force for water intake?
A) metabolism
B) the thirst mechanism
C) the renin-angiotensin mechanism
D) glomerular filtration
Quick Reply
