The concentration neurotransmitters in the fluid of the synaptic cleft must be tightly regulated for neurons to function properly. Which of the following cells is most responsible for aiding in this regulation?
A) satellite cells
B) astrocytes
C) Schwann cells
D) oligodendrocytes
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Question 2) At the grocery store a cute, little curly-haired child is standing behind you in line. You turn around for a moment and she sticks her tongue out at you. Which tongue muscle did she use?
A) orbicularis oris
B) stylohyoid
C) genioglossus
D) hyoglossus
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Question 3) Which of the following muscles is involved in producing horizontal wrinkles in the forehead?
A) the temporalis
B) the medial pterygoid
C) the frontal belly of the epicranius
D) the zygomaticus major
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Question 4) Select the correct statement regarding chemical synapses.
A) The synaptic cleft uses the action potential to transmit a chemical signal to the post synaptic cell.
B) The release of neurotransmitter molecules gives cells the property of being electrically coupled.
C) Cells with gap junctions use chemical synapses.
D) Neurotransmitter receptors are located on the axons terminals of cells.
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Question 5) What function is served by the increased axon diameter at the nodes of Ranvier?
What will be an ideal response
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Question 6) The supraspinatus is named for its location on the posterior aspect of the scapula above the spine. What is its action?
A) to flex and adduct the humerus and to act as a synergist of the pectoralis major
B) to initiate abduction of the arm, to stabilize the shoulder joint and to help prevent downward dislocation of the humerus
C) to extend and medially rotate the humerus and to act as a synergist of the latissimus dorsi
D) to help hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity and rotate the humerus laterally
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Question 7) The concentration of ions in the chemical environment surrounding the neurons must be tightly regulated for neurons to function properly. Which of the following cells is most responsible for this?
A) satellite cells
B) astrocytes
C) Schwann cells
D) oligodendrocytes
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Question 8) What is the difference between a direct acting neurotransmitter and an indirect acting neurotransmitter?
What will be an ideal response
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Question 9) Which of the following is false or incorrect?
A) An excitatory postsynaptic potential occurs if the excitatory effect is greater than the inhibitory effect but less than threshold.
B) An inhibitory postsynaptic potential occurs if the inhibitory effect is greater than the excitatory, causing hyperpolarization of the membrane.
C) A nerve impulse occurs if the excitatory and inhibitory effects are equal.
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Question 10) Cranial nerve II, the optic nerve sends nerve impulses to the brain carrying information about the things we see. These nerve fibers most likely belong to which division of the nervous system?
A) sensory (afferent) division
B) somatic nervous system
C) sympathetic division
D) parasympathetic division
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