Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the pancreas?
A) The superior mesenteric artery lies anterior to its neck.
B) Its head is embraced mainly by the descending part of the duodenum.
C) It is retroperitoneal.
D) Its main duct joins with the common bile duct before entering the duodenum.
E) It is partially supplied by branches from the splenic artery.
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Question 2) Your friend was in an automobile accident in which his spleen was ruptured. Which of the following is least likely based on this knowledge?
A) The accident caused trauma to the left upper abdominal quadrant.
B) The spleen must be repaired or your friend will die.
C) The rupture resulted in the escape of red blood cells into the peritoneal cavity.
D) The inferior lobe of the left lung may also have been injured.
E) Ribs 911 on the left side were fractured.
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Question 3) In the following figure, what structure traverses the foramen indicated by the arrow?
A) internal jugular vein
B) internal carotid artery
C) basilar artery
D) vagus nerve
E) mandibular nerve
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Question 4) The cerebellar tentorium:
A) is composed of arachnoid matter.
B) contains CSF.
C) has a tough edge that may lesion the oculomotor nerve during tentorial herniation.
D) may become occluded, resulting in loss of blood supply to the cerebellum.
E) may produce headaches associated with pituitary tumors.
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Question 5) Which of the following is not correct for the sigmoid arteries?
A) They traverse the sigmoid mesocolon.
B) They help to form the marginal artery.
C) They arise from the inferior mesenteric artery.
D) They typically divide into ascending and descending branches.
E) They are the main source of blood to the left ureter.
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Question 6) Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the scalp?
A) Superficial wounds do not gape because the margins of the wound are held together by the epicranial aponeurosis.
B) The scalp muscles (e.g., occipitofrontalis) are attached to the pericranium.
C) Blood vessels and nerves enter the scalp inferiorly.
D) Scalp infections may spread to the brain via emissary veins that pass through parietal foramina.
E) Scalp injuries can result in black eyes.
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Question 7) In the following barium-enhanced radiograph, the arrow points to the:
A) sigmoid colon.
B) ascending colon.
C) descending colon.
D) duodenum.
E) cecum.
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Question 8) Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to fontanelles?
A) The remains of the anterior fontanelle is often indicated by the metopic suture.
B) A bulging fontanelle indicates excessive intracranial pressure.
C) They facilitate molding.
D) Lambda indicates the site of the posterior fontanelle.
E) Fontanelles are normally not palpable after 18 months of age.
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Question 9) Initially appendicitis manifests as diffuse pain in the periumbilical region and later as circumscribed pain in the right lower quadrant. Why?
A) Because the appendix swells with appendicitis so that it contacts both the anterior and posterior abdominal walls.
B) Because the pain is first conveyed via vagal parasympathetic fibers and then by somatic fibers in the parietal peritoneum of the abdominal wall.
C) Because the pain is first conveyed via sympathetic fibers that enter the spinal cord at the T10 level and then by somatic fibers in the parietal peritoneum of the abdominal wall.
D) Because the appendix first irritates the subcostal nerve and then the ilioinguinal nerve.
E) Because the most sensitive afferents of the appendix are those that are associated with the sympathetic fibers that enter the T10 level of the spinal cord, but later less sensitive afferents associated with the lower quadrant become activated.
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Question 10) Which of the following is not a foramen or fissure in the sphenoid bone?
A) superior orbital
B) rotundum
C) ovale
D) lacerum
E) spinosum
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