Which answer places the following events in proper order for pulmonary ventilation?
a: Thoracic cavity volume changes.
b: Brainstem nuclei stimulate skeletal muscles to contract.
c: Air flows down its pressure gradient.
d: Dimensional changes in the thorax lead to pressure changes within the lung.
A. b, a, d, c
B. d, c, b, a
C. b, d, c, a
D. a, c, d, b
E. c, a, d, b
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Question 2) On each side of the chest, the _________ pleura lines the internal thoracic wall and the __________ pleura tightly covers the lung.
A. thoracic; pulmonary
B. parietal; visceral
C. visceral; parietal
D. fibrous; serous
E. respiratory; pleural
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Question 3) Activation of sympathetic nerves that innervate lung tissue results in
A. bronchoconstriction.
B. bronchodilation.
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Question 4) The potential space between the serous membranes surrounding each lung is known as the pleural _________.
Fill in the blank with correct word.
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Question 5) The hilum of the lung
A. is an indented area through which the bronchi, pulmonary vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves pass.
B. is the point of exit of exhaled air.
C. is the point of entrance for inhaled air.
D. is an elevated area through which the trachea, pulmonary vessels, and nerves pass.
E. serves to anchor all pulmonary structures to the mediastinum.
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Question 6) Bronchial arteries carry _________ blood to the tissues of the lung.
A. oxygenated
B. deoxygenated
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Question 7) Which of the two lungs is larger and wider?
A. The left lung
B. The right lung
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Question 8) The lungs remain inflated because
A. intrapulmonary pressure is less than intrapleural pressure.
B. intrapleural pressure is less than intrapulmonary pressure.
C. intrapleural pressure is exactly equal to intrapulmonary pressure.
D. intrapleural pressure is exactly equal to atmospheric pressure.
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Question 9) List, in order, the structures of the respiratory membrane that carbon dioxide must cross to move from the blood into an air sac of the lung.
What will be an ideal response?
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Question 10) The bronchial circulation is a component of the pulmonary circulation.
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
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