A posterior root contains
A. sensory axons only.
B. motor axons only.
C. a mix of sensory and motor axons.
D. autonomic nervous system axons.
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Question 2) Which of the following structures is closest to the spinal cord?
A. Posterior ramus
B. Posterior root ganglion
C. Posterior rootlets
D. Posterior root
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Question 3) Axons of the corticobulbar tracts
A. descend in the lateral funiculus of the spinal cord and synapse with anterior horn motor neurons.
B. descend in the anterior funiculus of the spinal cord and synapse with lateral horn motor neurons.
C. do not pass through the spinal cord, as they synapse with lower motor neurons in brainstem cranial nuclei.
D. do not pass through the spinal cord, as they synapse with cerebellar Purkinje cells.
E. connect the supplementary motor cortex with the primary motor cortex.
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Question 4) Motor pathways are _________ tracts that control _________.
A. ascending, affectors
B. ascending, effectors
C. descending, affectors
D. descending, effectors
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Question 5) Axons of the anterior corticospinal tracts decussate in the medulla.
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
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Question 6) The direct motor pathway originates in the
A. motor cortex of the cerebral cortex.
B. superior colliculus of the midbrain.
C. vestibular nuclei of the brainstem.
D. reticular formation of the brainstem.
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Question 7) Lower motor neurons are always excitatory.
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
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Question 8) The function of upper motor neurons is to
A. directly excite skeletal muscle cells.
B. excite or inhibit skeletal muscle cells.
C. excite or inhibit lower motor neurons.
D. excite motor portions of the thalamus.
E. excite or inhibit motor portions of the cerebral cortex.
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Question 9) The anterior ramus of a typical spinal nerve innervates the
A. deep muscles of the back and the skin of the back.
B. major thoracic and abdominal organs.
C. abdominal wall.
D. anterior and lateral trunk and the limbs.
E. special senses.
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Question 10) The tectospinal tract is part of the medial pathway, which is an indirect motor pathway.
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
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