Which of the following statements is an opinion, not a fact?
a. Because of its location on the coast, New York City is subject to large tidal wave surges and flooding.
b. New York City is one of the largest cities in the United States.
c. New York City is one of the best vacation spots in the U. S. for people who love theater.
d. Many celebrities have found New York City to be the place that helped to launch their careers.
Ques. 2Eyewitness accounts should not be given much weight in the justice system because science has shown that when people reconstruct a memory, they may add pieces of information that are incorrect or did not happen; furthermore, people's memories are affected by their own biases and personal beliefs. In this argument, the word clue signaling reason is
a. because.
b. furthermore.
c. affected by.
d. may add.
Ques. 3Recent research confirms what many parents know intuitively: Enormous benefits are enjoyed by children raised in families whose members get together regularly around the dinner table. For example, a study by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University found that children who reported that they had family dinners were less likely to develop drug abuse problems as teenagers and young adults and more likely to do well in school. The reason in this argument is
a. Enormous benefits are enjoyed by children raised in families whose members get together regularly around the dinner table.
b. Children who reported that they had family dinners were less likely to develop drug abuse problems as teenagers and young adults and more likely to do well in school.
c. More parents should make family dinners a priority.
d. Recent research confirms what many parents know intuitively.
Ques. 4A suicidal rampage at Fort Hood, Texas, in 2009 revealed a history of neglect of recruits' and veterans' mental health problems, including suicide. Social scientific data show that suicide rates among returning veterans are three times higher than those for the general population. These instances point to a significant social justice issue: Veterans are not receiving adequate mental health care. The conclusion in this argument is
a. A suicidal rampage at Fort Hood, Texas, in 2009 revealed a history of neglect of recruits' and veterans' mental health problems, including suicide.
b. These instances point to a significant social justice issue: Veterans are not receiving adequate mental health care.
c. Social scientific data show that suicide rates among returning veterans are three times higher than those for the general population.
d. Suicide rates among veterans are too high.
Ques. 5All of the following words and phrases are often used to help to signal conclusions or reasons except
a. consequently.
b. can be divided into.
c. in view of the fact.
d. hence.
Ques. 6One brand of dog food uses the slogan Love them like family. Feed them like family and begins the ad by looking at the list of ingredient in other dog foods compared to brand X. Brand X wants you to feed your dog with food that is similar to the food you feed your family. What is the hidden assumption?
a. Dogs have the same nutritional needs as people.
b. Dogs are as important as people.
c. If you don't give your dog this kind of dog food, you don't love your animal enough.
d. People who love their families feed them good food.
Ques. 7It is important to learn how to recognize hidden assumptions for several reasons. Which of the following reasons is probably not one of them?
a. Hidden assumptions are often based on inaccuracies or faulty logic.
b. Hidden assumptions are often not obvious to the reader.
c. Hidden assumptions are themselves arguments that must be supported with reasons.
d. Hidden assumptions are most likely deliberate attempts by the writer to unfairly persuade a reader.
Ques. 8We should not hold students back in school because such practices damage students' self-confidence. In this statement, a hidden assumption is
a. holding students back is wrong.
b. any practice that might damage a student's self-confidence is bad.
c. teachers always know what is best for students.
d. the purpose of school is to build self-confidence in students.
Ques. 9It is especially important to evaluate visual arguments because
a. visuals often evoke an emotional response which may cover up the absence of an argument.
b. visual arguments are more powerful than written arguments.
c. people who create visuals may have great artistic skill.
d. visual arguments tend to rely on visual impact rather than reason.
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