In what sort of reasoning does one move from general ideas to their specific implications?
a. Empirical-inductive
b. Empirical-deductive
c. Hypothetical-inductive
d. Hypothetical-deductive
Question 2Mr. Mitchell's son Dennis is a menace. Dennis is cruel to animals and often shoplifts. In attempting to explain Dennis's morals, Mr. Mitchell says, I think that his moral habits were learned by watching bad television shows.. Mr. Mitchell's comments are best associated with the _____ view concerning moral behavior.
a. psychodynamic
b. Piagetian
c. social learning theory
d. cognitive developmental
Question 3What is the first step in hypothetical-deductive reasoning?
a. Generate all possible hypotheses.
b. Get a concrete example.
c. Consider what others in your position would do.
d. Engage in guided participation.
Question 4The social learning perspective on moral development holds that morality is
a. a generalized personality trait.
b. a situation-specific behavior.
c. driven by physiological motives.
d. determined more by level of reasoning than by actual behavior.
Question 5On Piaget's famous pendulum task, most concrete operations thinkers use a _____ approach.
a. random guessing
b. trial-and-error
c. guided participation
d. hypothetical-deductive reasoning
Question 6Regarding Kohlberg's theory of moral development, which cognitive skill is particularly instrumental in promoting movement from one level of moral development to the next?
a. The development of perspective-taking abilities
b. Emergence of the object permanence concept
c. The development of a theory of mind
d. The development of conservation skills
Question 7A researcher asked students of different ages, What would the world be like if there was no gravity? According to Piaget's theory, which one of the following answers would most likely be heard from an adolescent in the formal operational stage?
a. There is gravity, so this is a useless exercise.
b. Things would fall.
c. We would have to redesign classrooms with desks on the ceiling.
d. I wouldn't like it if there was no gravity.
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