Which of the following individuals is making the fundamental attribution error?

Which of the following individuals is making the fundamental attribution error?
 
  a. Alex failed his psychology test and passed his biology test. He says his psychology professor made an unfair test, and that he studied hard for the biology test.
  b. Bernard asks a girl in his class for a date, and she responds in a curt, rude manner. Bernard says that she's stuckup, but doesn't realize the girl's mother just died.
  c. Courtney and her friend just received grades from their first English composition, on which they both earned A's. Courtney says that she earned her grade after working really hard, while her friend earned her grade because she's lucky.
  d. Dimitria works in sales. When she makes a sale, she boasts about her sales skills, but when she fails to make one, she has an excuse for why it did not work out.
  e. Eduardo believes that all Italians are emotional and criminal-minded, so he avoids making friends with theItalian foreign exchange student in his dorm.