James, an American citizen, moves to a foreign country. He adjusts to the new culture and also ...

James, an American citizen, moves to a foreign country. He adjusts to the new culture and also retains some elements of American culture. This assists his assimilation into the new culture. This is an example of ________.
 
  a. civil religion
  b. intelligent design
  c. secessionism
  d. ethnic paradox

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In the country of Arcadia, people belonging to minority groups are stigmatized as inferior. They usually have physically demanding jobs and are paid extremely low wages.
 
  The majority groups use this stigmatization to justify the treatment meted out to these minority groups. This scenario exemplifies the principles of the ________ theory.
  a. exploitation
  b. normative
  c. scapegoating
  d. authoritarian personality