All of the following are leadership tactics for resisting organizational decline during cutback ...

All of the following are leadership tactics for resisting organizational decline during cutback management except
 
  a. mobilizing dependent clienteles.
  b. adopting user charges for services.
  c. cutting low-prestige programs.
  d. improving productivity.

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Group factors that permit strong, directive leadership are very similar to those that promote a leaders role as
 
  a. gladiator.
  b. motivator.
  c. catalyst/innovator.
  d. coordinator/integrator.

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All of the following are situational factors except
 
  a. rank.
  b. leader personality.
  c. task structure.
  d. concern for workers.