Which of the following groups believes in the dichotomy between politics and administration?

Which of the following groups believes in the dichotomy between politics and administration?
 
  a. The Framers of the Constitution
  b. Labor union officials
  c. Reformers in the late 1800s
  d. Supporters of affirmative action

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Which of the following is a value of democracy not shared in principle by most people?
 
  a. Majority rule
  b. Participatory democracy
  c. Universal, or near-universal, right to vote
  d. Free exchange of political ideas

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The theory of pluralism assumes that
 
  a. groups have equal power in the political process.
  b. the public interest results from bargaining and competition.
  c. individual interests are subordinate to group concerns.
  d. groups are a necessary evil in politics.