Research with patients who were being prepared for surgery to treat severe epilepsy found that neurons in patients' _____ functioned like the rat grid cells.
A) entorhinal cortex
B) medial superior temporal area
C) retrosplenial cortex
D) superior temporal sulcus
After damage to his ______, Mantio is unable to recognize formerly-familiar landmarks in his hometown.
A) hypothalamus
B) medial superior temporal area
C) parahippocampal gyrus
D) superior temporal sulcus
In Janzen and vanTurennout's study of using landmarks as decision points in a navigating through a museum, participants _____.
A) had greater brain activation in the MST when they saw non-decision points than when they saw decision points
B) had lower recognition scores for landmarks than non-landmarks
C) had greater brain activation in the parahippocampal gyrus for decision points than non-decision points
D) recognized decision points better when cells in their temporal cortex were microstimulated
Hamid et al. (2010 ) had participants navigate a maze while recording their eye movements. The maze contained landmarks on the walls at corners and at other positions that would not aid maze navigation. After participants learned the maze, the researchers removed half of the landmarks. The results of this study revealed that _____.
A) performance decreased when landmarks that had been viewedlongerwere removed
B) participants did not notice that the landmarks were missing and their performance was unaffected
C) participants had been relying on all landmarks to navigate
D) performance increased when non-informative landmarks were removed
Using the visual direction strategy, walkers stay on target by _____.
A) using flow information to estimate the destination point
B) going toward the focus of expansion
C) keeping their body pointed toward the destination
D) keeping their eyes fixated on the destination
Blind walking studies have shown that _____.
A) participants cannot locate nearby objects with their eyes closed
B) flow information is necessary for navigation; blindfolded participants cannot walk to a target location they have just seen
C) blindfolded participants can navigate short distances as long as they walk in a straight line
D) blindfolded participants can navigate short distances when walking in a straight line or making an angled turn
According to Land and Lee, drivers negotiate curves by _____.
A) looking directly at the FOE
B) looking directly at the road
C) using a complex combination of affordances
D) using information in addition to optic flow
According to Land and Lee, drivers look _____ when driving on a straight road.
A) directly at the focus of expansion
B) straight ahead, but not directly at the focus of expansion
C) at locomotor flow line
D) at the psychometric curb
The swinging room experiments showed that _____.
A) vision can override the traditional sources of balance information
B) traditional sources of balance information cannot be overridden
C) traditional sources of balance information can only be overridden in experienced adults
D) traditional sources of balance information can be integrated with but not overridden by other senses
Gibson emphasized studying _____.
A) each sense in isolation
B) tightly-controlled laboratory experiments
C) invariant information from the environment
D) invariant sensory functions
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