A 2.0-kg block slides on a frictionless 15 inclined plane. A force acting parallel to the incline is applied to the block. The acceleration of the block is 1.5 m/s2 down the incline. What is the applied force?
a. 8.1 N down the incline
b. 3.0 N down the incline
c. 2.1 N up the incline
d. 3.0 N up the incline
e. 8.1 N up the incline
[Ques. 2] The figure shows a snapshot of four different waves in identical ropes stretched with the same force.
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAR4AAAG3CAMAAABVBMrCAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAMAUExURQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP//zP//mf//Zv//M//M///MzP/Mmf/MZv/MM//MAP+Z//+ZzP+Zmf+ZZv+ZM/+ZAP9m//9mzP9mmf9mZv9mM/9mAP8z//8zzP8zmf8zZv8zM/8zAP8AzP8Amf8AZv8AM8z//8z/zMz/mcz/Zsz/M8z/AMzM/8zMmczMZszMM8zMAMyZ/8yZzMyZmcyZZsyZM8yZAMxm/8xmzMxmmcxmZsxmM8xmAMwz/8wzzMwzmcwzZswzM8wzAMwA/8wAzMwAmcwAZswAM8wAAJn//5n/zJn/mZn/Zpn/M5n/AJnMzJnMmZnMZpnMM5nMAJmZ/5mZzJmZZpmZM5lm/5lmzJlmmZlmZplmM5lmAJkz/5kzzJkzmZkzZpkzM5kzAJkA/5kAzJkAZpkAM5kAAGb//2b/zGb/mWb/ZoAAAACAAGbM/2bMzGbMmWbMZmbMM2bMAGaZ/2aZzGaZmWaZZmaZM2aZAGZm/2ZmzGZmmWZmZmZmM2ZmAICAAGYzzGYzmWYzZmYzM2YzAAAAgGYAzGYAmWYAZmYAM2YAADP//4AAgDP/mTP/ZjP/MwCAgDPM/zPMzDPMmTPMZjPMM8DAwDOZ/zOZzDOZmTOZZjOZMzOZADNm/zNmzDNmmTNmZjNmMzNmADMz/zMzzDMzmTMzZjMzMzMzAKTI8DMAzDMAmTMAZjMAMzMAAP/78KCgpAD/ZgD/MwDM/wDMzICAgADMZgDMMwDMAACZ/wCZzACZZgCZMwCZAABm/wBmzABmmQBmZgBmMwBmAAAz/wAzzAAzmQAzZgAzMwAzAAAAzAAAmQAAZgAAM+4AAN0AALsAAKoAAIgAAFUAAEQAACIAAADuAADdAAC7AACqAACIAABVAABEAAAiAAARAAAA7gAA3QAAuwAAqgAAiAAAVQAARAAAIgAAEe7u7t3d3aqqqnd3d1VVVURERCIiIhEREQAAAAAAAAAAAP8AAAD/AP//AAAA//8A/wD//////z+DD5wAAAAJcEhZcwAADsMAAA7DAcdvqGQAABlwSURBVHhe7Z09fuq608dVU8A+fJqkCQvhNJciLITTxGnCHlyTJk4Tf7wMUmRBfmww4BfNq6xYz/+j7y0u99ycAD9LMyNpNGOqCEKUByXKgxLlQYnyoER5UKI8KFEelN+UJ2n//f+I35NnfSzy3W8olKR5/U7/rdr/dOK35CkL81XujEnb//bHvn6Tv2+5OT21f+DC78izSM0xq/+9ejGnx8sfeWJxNOmieZHkZnv+Eyd+RZ6lMWX78iE36/alD5anYtO+rHbmuX2l5zfkWZ2Kjs15vUnlgdx03ik1h/aVmt+Q59j9zFV1MJNYTRt700zhG2vz1r7S8gvybMxtvF8o8vbF1GzMvn3VUvblkuNfnsQc21dXMk/TKxnrXpzaF0r8y3P4PnuSLml/tk3F62k0azPzX/tKh3d5MounWnkJf55sg/LY9QpyvMtz/GxfdNn6sM65zaQt3J6Eb3lKq51JPAyfkQe4sDMu0bNveQAd9tNbn8+hB2j5fG9faPAsD+RZl5MPnzU0Sv7aRxUPz/KcoLh1Z0b+zA2r5TkD/x8av/LAYVlSTDt8HuBYChxXDPzKc4AfXDmt9UnHMc+Nz4/2hRyv8thiniurSVfuK2x17vAkvMpzLNoXNlxMwog99j1W3+qJ7FOeBF1bZS4eZUgBePULO3UU6lMeIjY+vbYv3NkSK3Pzt30hxaM8S7NrX9lx3m24kxP7XtT/B/Eoz4ayiMPdGTUJNU/VazyP8pC2N3VbTd+hbYv2SfiT55H03JjfF5GTVuyo/J7+5Ekxr35hIt8OrNW7rJQblP7kKV7aFzCkdeLxyVA5Rz0/iDd51gy/RPk2HivOmkoZOXuT58iZODvHnfIzaMR8ZaV7Er7kSVi+YorIOcEj5iup6kn4kmfHi/nU8dqdR947Zaog1Jc8J9755LP7njzDQzbo7Jwnecg49orS4XYomBHfq2Z2eZLn2SzbVwSO51CCSbPRzC5P8tBxbEvmmoWT2s7RbCxOitnlRx6BR0L2WzkI9qxT7oju4Eee3fhcHcIxcmb6rQa2PezgRx7w/GaMdjXUwvRbZ5jetIsXeUTPyW12SXYqtifx2ZoXeUTRjNOJTiY5w1LE6F7kEcXCTrOL7bfOyGN0H/IIn5LL7JKdte6+pb7Lhzw72Rz/Tz+7BH6rIRFHhj7kEfitBofzUonfajhJzwMpedb5p3QXWxxf5Ooz8OJf+4KJcFwzRo98x0q8Clf7LpHfahD7LlKevdhwiv2D2nf9E/mtBvZasIUePVJ5FNGF0ncpcoR2wnUXPXqkT2grz/tS+q7MiG/3SPcMp7c9iv1R5eyS+q0Goe+a3PZo1sXKUyip32oQPu3Jbc9as3us8l1iv9UgtIzT2x7FlqVudv0jP7sNWVYR9Rab4nuKk0wKje/S5bbuThLfpXoC06OYXQq/1SDzXYHIo1h3KbODliLfFYg8inWXNm9c5LtCkUc8u1R+q0Hku0KRR+y7WHkZViSzKxR5xL7rSzm3aqMl8F3ByCOcXUq/1SDxXcHII/RdLlmtgtkVjDzCPEzNeuuKIBMqHHk25qF9xUDttxoE9+jDkUeUQZE6fe4P9p5LOPJUb/wxn3BznuyU7F2FgOTJ+L5LeL41hL8nFZA8S369neNX+0IJe0czIHmqV7bv0h5tXGHvh4ckDzv7T7Uj2QW/p9ghJHkWJ2aeoSwvwwZ3doUkT/XGm128jHuUknneFZQ8zNlV/jjOLb7vCkoeZvaf4iRtRM7zfWHJk3IyKBSn1GM496lqwpKH9c0l+zUgzLg7LHmqd4ZxFucwWeGdQAcmDyOiYdwc5cBb8wcmDyNP2S0P+g7rllxo8qBVSRoEKzMc1u5taPKQd9sd8lj7sG6XhiYPuaeqvHFtgbOnGpw8xA2dySon8KKI4OQh7nx+KDLCIBiRc3DyVCl2F+yP605Pl0f6rCw8ebC9mESwH82AzmIIT54qh3dz1twdIR507c0A5XmC49mT5CyMhq69GaA8sG/fTF1KlKzVEKI84KrqK3feB+tD5tWHKA9kfbb6rAwIyvoEKc+TNfZbOfcNGEOtLIKUx259dHnMBERVtjDlGXVUqMk8VAhvoix0DRemPLZeBBPVYRuCn44EKs/Yzjy7ZPRg5NgqLlB5qnJQmcXP1GpAf3Oo8tTTq2sz+12IpmWH7JEEK0/12anfvfCoTlUdvkHzE648SXE/K/bUNaYl+QLNc7jy1Ppcx8+Lut4yk89vYH4FLE+tj9llq+z5NOUemJXkYA7WdV7I8jS75ab+58A6Dndjm1v3SsKWp1olqwyN+qfD+gwCl2duojwoUR6UKA9KlAclyoMS5UGJ8qBEeVCiPChRHpQoD0qUByXKgxLlQYnyoER5UKI8KFEelF+QZ7V/nmgvfVnu9hPtPGfPe07+uH95tsbk0xyQ75rf5NoV5czqaH4+DaOCoXd5SvOWVHuDdHTm8mx2SZWkxv0m6cqYclmtGdlmvuXZXgZOYpyzc8o2z610PxRscxfX9KD2LM8td8+W7yXjVoH+oOh106O8Zr7Sdck9y3PvB/rimEXwcksTSFwt2f3vF+/tCwi/8mzuE0HZu/BKt/LB3i2bpZNtSd5L9StPNx+wn88kJe3UTBEUt7Kw6A4+KmHRqzy9/GR21RMb/bH39t2+0NC7Q7omMha9ytO/K865ow7xt2e5dF0iW/q3LYlbAz7lGVRK4VfsGlP0pRX2Uemy7mcSEnbMpzxDPfS+fXhvz6HT/bF/X4OonulTnmGlFH3Fr+Hf1FfwGdXOwGuvepQnMf+1r1r09eJGarA6LtsYVV55Qe/uepRnZGvU1QbHlTXU1cNGuuK1NDzKM37C2ppflr+njRLGfw/tG+9PHkuc86SbXbY7e0o7Zhl1aO1ef/LYvIvOotpsFrN605CB32pAgyh/8rxbYhPdM99brKfOd1mtHxYZ+pPHZh10vuvT9vkt44DG+v6Y7/Imj9XOqHyXvQ64yndZ4wHk3rw/eey1uTTxysb+GTX3LOxPB/GC3uSxz2h2n/YOQDWsXH4vGahHjzwzX/IAaxlN9y6gbsZWXm3kr/3bIvPUlzwlEE3IK1ZCVYgU3fmBcZgU4DPzJQ9UvzIVGx9oda7o6ZUDLhyuUu9LHqj2orzT1BEab+IqYmA1LLgqkCd5wO7Dq29pHQxwkNiiRZQSqsgK+MYaT/LAO4PS3jYr0MSIIx8wZoc7rHiSBzYx0lU7PBvFXhDu7gyuKzzJA4+RtTDyQWqACiMfpAsP+DT9yINUFxQ+c6x+vLDHKFIvE7QFfuTB/JOk1wu+3SCMfJAql6BP8yMP1nECNks2QG9Ts/oRRT5YnWfo//mRBxshssgH7fYDhXlW/mCzGupx4EUe1L7I+rKhOyCifuxofwKoUqsXefCIhDi37bFCzxGeJJEPulMJvY8XeV7QpyrZ8ynxzyfxgng/uE/7eYUXeb7QTyKJfIjK57y+FmeI3oOAw/AhD1FTWRL5EDVSBV6QqANd2uv8+pBnQ2RvnVD1ulAVp4nv3IXoK/9gfycf8lDPlL8TsSa6ngj2fKggILeOUx/yUH02+LmBKXUu9sU9+UgKYufe/swoedb7XVntd6wM+yuUbcngWl0DrCdcXdhekDxhK627R+ToOTQ/IUqVJU/Sk4I5JZa4ja/h9tmi987sn5qUZ9/EMNzvc8b+HLpw+4LSlvcPd1VKrz+sZoyU57xrcJLIcyAtb8nciWDsWHzz1v+M3ijW3SN69DSzW3IosKDX0Vx/zFhyvvK8YGL+tK9AHlWT6xwvSORhZNUSEewVjo3Cc99uqE7ka6a3PUD82YO3KuWs7R95fQIF4XWP6W0Px9eS8cwZTnzEzLXXZjXybA98yjqGMzLWrGdO2/iad8adPmoVCEPJszFm19xSZOuzPOG3FM6wsv6XP5xOXM8cLyg/m20hR48Yzrhg9a8FT1p7sLyguiPc9PKw4HxenrfB9xNb1N0WZ5KH2AU8wzxPRfOSW7ix9YiZ5OH0dfxifO8ahqdU5lPXzCQPI8OZu5fDWKHQq0CIueQBs3ZucFceDC+o7yc4lzw7svsxN9BdkDGrIo/sylzyZFREvGR7G3JsbAqt6ZlPHjKOZUfqpBdk9em2M5c85GYF39uQxoe2cyCzyXPeCUAQeBvKtGjXozWzyUPFxKz16AUiS4zXO9vObPIQ5xmLH8aqrIWwLUAuPIv55MHPx1lr+hYiS0y9Hq2ZTx68Y/NW4G2IyEeWrddnPnnwqFh09wIdH5zO0CDzyYPHsqJAF/Vy207tFjHzyYPmx8vW2BnmBSXZViNmlAeLfDj7QXfQ/XiHqGdWebDIRxD1NCCRD2s3EWRGeZAsscU3P+ppQE6bufsidmaUB9kBlkQ9DUjk4xL1zCsPvKMjiXoa4MhHOg4HzCkPnIMovnEK7vkobpx2mVOeDMzlEOUTNeyh7yEdhwPmlAf0T1LTg8RJ8pvPPWaVB3rmijo/UHTj2JNyVnmgOxFfsqinAdgRlI/DPrPKA5x2LX7k+RTAfT7QJjGZVx67ZdA8cqBQqGuX8nnlsdfBoM/ALFi39lmZIBjzymOPSgT3bO5Yd9dcTc/M8ixs6wrx/fQz1rWV8K7ymHnlsVav0GWRWjOXXfZRz8wsT2Z55sr9K8vtZ+e5Nbc8y7Gd0dZDteQPvjl/u5nlqbY/Qy+lraY73rt2rL/eMLc82Wis2OodssiHdfHRepY85panSgefQF8zfTi79FWL78wuz7BqYKcPgJDVwHex73ohzC7PcK3tsAMx8F1OJzgt88uz782JWwcSBf2uE27tGlrml6fvcfRZkjW9GFy1chsyvzxV3omc1XdDznTt1tK1VcyZAOTpzol7Tx0NXV+lvmXSIwB5OpsyrvYivYWUSeEyS2+EIM/jTZRXR3uxuPX32Dkvt86EIE+9Nrp8F/fOZGVru1aMzm0cgpCnKs6jJpvAmuaX8edmw+6EIU9WnNbJyrivkWqJ8zpWPjpETz3CkKdKPo2ZQp3Ge/0Up6nUCUWe2lps1lOoU4+f9eZpErPcEIw8YRLlQYnyoER5UKI8KFEelCgPSpQHJcqDEuVBifKgRHlQojwoUR6UKA9KlAclyoMS5UGJ8qBEeVCiPChRHpQoD0qUByXKgxLlQflFebL0XznNOTFBtk/32TTv9FvybHbGnA7G5C4VLVikhSnyon4nlyzFK78jz+PJnNKsqlZlbjjVufVkufnXJCBkm4M5PFz+zIFfkac0X7eciWejr0FJs+u8U2mMc37hb8iz692MyT6mSfuzkffv4JTO6Wa/IM/gM1fVxyQpxxYOw6zo0py0NzQu+JcnHw8W96dqJR/3tcg+f5yGqnd5LOp40mc0dhqSL6d7Ob7lOdgNTTnBXasBVnWaXEOXJ+FZnmue8Yj91Pb5DXonpyfhV54V/Og+JrnzcAO5bnC/SSDHrzxHOBd3afT32iyckLttubqSvl95+vfPBrjfEOiAzlWHbHuf8iQFel3xMMFdz5bxfeYez+rahT7lecX7KLn5lB74c6iqT20tDY/yrCFfcmUy707eTlLfE/MoD2YtL/yb5t1X3+QwTJV+0p88KX3vYzWN98oZd1WU97v8ycOZOdp6GT1YM2dLzXQ73uTh+aUv1/pDNV/kJG7QVRHzJc/9figK4ZE5MEegzjr7kidn9Y6cYO3Fjr5V1tmTPPxaD7m8wmWPPd2v9sLqWzG9/MgjuEW+dqrGLalCA1R+RPEjz1YwZdq7w0pSRg/dK4qb/37kkUQZTtZZVP9qI7fOlDzlS7qv9mm6rnZpyrUnL1x7cGZY/0mC7L76UbyzQf76c/W28zNij03heHDoTSccD/L6LqQ8937sOXccSythpN/a0xZprCeODUl57v3Yc+aYGNbwIlFXS3mSjgZxvxx69DRxybl2O6O3/hm5LSlFtuqOPGaSWh969DSronOfA6Y8fxSeSFVjVxNxS8ebxPbw5NHU4NGt3DVzsluJi4HE9rB6FC8lkcgNzTfVRMFSX0fKUzbyFE29fqbnOmgGgqbejjyKqVnQe5hdqI+1MbUf2pliU8903Y4SC0Xso9w/JnfAeyiemhdexfti2ir5or8XijzisfCkGzzE2eSQUOQR71apLM+Zd8HwCUYe4VmCYvV9RRL7hCPPVuSni2HtagEC6xOOPKKVlyrmuSKwPuHIIwqdZdHLkA/2Wi0gedinG9pFyI0n9p5CSPKsx5mldpxzO9JRfwOAkORhd4HU15NvYe9nBiUPc7dqoVr19uDuSQUlD9P6HN2zNrlnq2HJs+YEe+pcpi7Mk7iw5KkHPZ3XMUVWR5V8/bSvUAKTh+GTJqrj/WD+ta8wApOn2lPWeYK+QBdYO9WhyUPaXdeMjjuc3xScPIRPmfAuRsYYh8HJQ3gvwzoP4JHSUXp48qBZiQfXeLkHfaoToDwJfENWmV8KQa8tApSn2kDeHbn/pIPMvQ5RnurF/qmz02Re6wp1vhakPPYbWMufSTo19FgZfJMgTHmsn1p7LwLlEZ+vYcpTG81R9JNOsRId84xGP4HKU+szGD+e1Gm8ITJ+QpWn1udeDaOebbkvdZrx8wX6r2DlaWqpvF+j2q3XuiT1O70Ae8/hylNV5ZcpjruX9FSY1INV7rA3p7cXWzwesjz1c93nH/l7uvE4dC78ST9y2xMIW57ZifKgRHlQojwoUR6UKA9KlAclyoMS5UGJ8qBEeVCiPChRHpQoD0qUByXKgxLlQYnyoER5UKI8KFEelCgPSpQHJcqDEuVBifKgRHlQojwoUR6UKA9KlAclyoMS5UH5BXmSHbdmHUlZlqy7yiRJ/Zs4KWfe5Vnl5ufQVI9y5umjMMXJ5BNk0pXGfH2bE31/xbc89Qeplcne3S+LPJrPclX/qsI9hfdojotqkR3Mtv0DEM/ypObtktFYuvbpu+XJJ64J4Mv8eqNlR9bS8CtPen8+4C0kHt0seUd9jvf7lp3PZ8erPL36Xvz66DZ+uncszlWAtfQ+R0rcLvQqT/+ur0tth/7fTVh30AH6VZSIMe1TnsGd9KV+em1MU1fyjsN95EH1FmJM+5RnKMeWW59nxLDal7B2ZYdRr6539IahR3nGVXZ4/UjGjGvFyWpXdhjVeMFvs/uTZ3EazaWNck5Y6hUoa15aKgShvQr8yWOzD7o5YasUJ6pdeecwrruCdrrwJ4/NELOrg/WwjhTV8LGW/kmR+pne5Hm2RhSausx2O2P//QTWTl4Z0mfFlzyLk7VSyF7xfqndtxTyMCGxz0hkIPqS56/dCiuq70C2YS+vKbuzV+dAPIYveVKgeofcZJSAvVrL3SDw5kgtbU/ygKNE7tvts7RGbMdAb3cAK7F4kqcE11fgtwXIQD3/Sj97mgMRzgMYJXiSJwefrNTjvIFPVmrHkJ8Hn5kfebBePbIuH1iRwtSIOmIgXhOsb+xHnhSplXJk19Vt2CO/SVjf8Qu2VWDk7EeeAtmPkXkceJbWfEjcINp9CoqcvciD1+KWxHN4Xfe1xI6htfeh9/EiT/7avrAiieew9VCNZIMNt3mf9lHqQx6irrCkx1qB1+Ej1OvyhM9pwMb5kIeqpZ1/tC9IqKLnzN65DUR9eMDMe5CH7LEEx4xDciqGZK9RksFu9Qh75EzJU9ZUm7Ks50Oy40UsGdWrjd8viPxBttIl1X9wY/1N5Og5ND9xGQ8prz7/24mquQxHwn3oCJvdh5Bcy9jHPCnPuTfguQNexYvhFyfy58jx1ULOrfrp8WbXHzrYerXFaqQ8F2Wa377kTQnOmvybpTSnsr59TowAdnp62H6CHj3nx9PEVCVvhQPt9HRJWf0DOT9lOQ+xwPspC/ToOcuzrH+ON7dYvQFZHReWP5x33JHfoIbvKwfQo+cSL+RpxXQ3O84n4eSLbcxD+woD3qvpwO0PMoIePZe5sjElPXv5cHZ9mP6N0dNUX1+eHj2t8Pr8ASt06JPRuVtnGLau5ExAK9Rf3Jj2i5SiXSySD9Jnc+0Fw46huyIoal0doVtIsb8T6ZXkfcZvzCUPumPWwP9OZL8lwbp+yGzy/CM+M39XKKHsGPUkEGaTh+rvKNhTJNYeT8gZOsVs8kD7cy3Q2agNwo4dtUFPzXzyYGcQsu+UFJhXRfN3KOaTBz+GoeOiDkAOxwWnHp3zyYOcbEvPUlE7Jj217jGjPNheBGOnpwtix1lrMpAZ5UHW9qSvHrCH99c4Oz0wM8qDrJaoXP4h8H6OeqfnwpzygF2x5fnzoNLaXOGWOeUBz57k3ykz/7WvBqgSWO/MKg90Rl7IvxMgAxWbU8wqD3DuLUxMOQNEN/qe/xfmledojZztf4rzYFU6ce2VN6881nEi9eoXrF2OpR5wxLzyXM5gB+ju+tnOS/V7zFdmlsfSnU/7nSy+nerdRjOzPJZ7O1heIsa4XzAYV/GZW57RXS39/sN+uIZzvRteM7s8w/s2OZnfATLoCOfc879mdnmq15/ut9DfN22U7k6m0a1RDfPLkxQdm7oy9JknzFvHkC2NtaOUkPnl6XkvR1/zeb81MU0fygDkqW3qdcfq6LR31WQ5Xa2xW82FGyHIU6tynhQLsgcvSdmORMeKHTeCkGeZm+O63F2P813Ym/w5eUon8OlngpCnWpR5Xpwm6Y+4OXwbg57sSAhDnklZTthp8X9QnimJ8qBEeVCiPChRHpQoD0qUByXKg1BV/wfyx4+TQXKBGQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
The wave with the largest wavelength is wave
a.
I.
b.
II.
c.
III.
d.
IV.
e.
all of the above
[Ques. 3] A 2.0-kg block slides on a frictionless 25 inclined plane. A force of 4.6 N acting parallel to the incline and up the incline is applied to the block. What is the acceleration of the block?
a. 1.8 m/s2 up the incline
b. 2.3 m/s2 up the incline
c. 6.6 m/s2 down the incline
d. 1.8 m/s2 down the incline
e. 2.3 m/s2 down the incline
[Ques. 4] A 3.0-kg block slides on a frictionless 20 inclined plane. A force of 16 N acting parallel to the incline and up the incline is applied to the block. What is the acceleration of the block?
a. 2.0 m/s2 down the incline
b. 5.3 m/s2 up the incline
c. 2.0 m/s2 up the incline
d. 3.9 m/s2 down the incline
e. 3.9 m/s2 up the incline
[Ques. 5] ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Which of these shows one cycle of the wave?
a.
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAEcAAABQCAMAAAB8vZgOAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAMAUExURQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP//zP//mf//Zv//M//M///MzP/Mmf/MZv/MM//MAP+Z//+ZzP+Zmf+ZZv+ZM/+ZAP9m//9mzP9mmf9mZv9mM/9mAP8z//8zzP8zmf8zZv8zM/8zAP8AzP8Amf8AZv8AM8z//8z/zMz/mcz/Zsz/M8z/AMzM/8zMmczMZszMM8zMAMyZ/8yZzMyZmcyZZsyZM8yZAMxm/8xmzMxmmcxmZsxmM8xmAMwz/8wzzMwzmcwzZswzM8wzAMwA/8wAzMwAmcwAZswAM8wAAJn//5n/zJn/mZn/Zpn/M5n/AJnMzJnMmZnMZpnMM5nMAJmZ/5mZzJmZZpmZM5lm/5lmzJlmmZlmZplmM5lmAJkz/5kzzJkzmZkzZpkzM5kzAJkA/5kAzJkAZpkAM5kAAGb//2b/zGb/mWb/ZoAAAACAAGbM/2bMzGbMmWbMZmbMM2bMAGaZ/2aZzGaZmWaZZmaZM2aZAGZm/2ZmzGZmmWZmZmZmM2ZmAICAAGYzzGYzmWYzZmYzM2YzAAAAgGYAzGYAmWYAZmYAM2YAADP//4AAgDP/mTP/ZjP/MwCAgDPM/zPMzDPMmTPMZjPMM8DAwDOZ/zOZzDOZmTOZZjOZMzOZADNm/zNmzDNmmTNmZjNmMzNmADMz/zMzzDMzmTMzZjMzMzMzAKTI8DMAzDMAmTMAZjMAMzMAAP/78KCgpAD/ZgD/MwDM/wDMzICAgADMZgDMMwDMAACZ/wCZzACZZgCZMwCZAABm/wBmzABmmQBmZgBmMwBmAAAz/wAzzAAzmQAzZgAzMwAzAAAAzAAAmQAAZgAAM+4AAN0AALsAAKoAAIgAAFUAAEQAACIAAADuAADdAAC7AACqAACIAABVAABEAAAiAAARAAAA7gAA3QAAuwAAqgAAiAAAVQAARAAAIgAAEe7u7t3d3aqqqnd3d1VVVURERCIiIhEREQAAAAAAAAAAAP8AAAD/AP//AAAA//8A/wD//////z+DD5wAAAAJcEhZcwAADsMAAA7DAcdvqGQAAAMLSURBVFhHrZfRlcQgCEXtv4a0YAUWpfHkPwuKCogzaybvZxmjV0AkWXe/o/c54SDjkQbnCmQ8UuccVybrkTon5Fc40R+ezEdqnOTvV/zJ4c6R7CciDoR1h1TtR6qc6MGX9DvHIyKuEhTNgOVo4aSz2CtOMDOXxGjh0IljcJb8WfeRyicvFOSQOzU6Q1Baxg45ZjYfOLFx+ThTCtYRQMHxRAAHR4qghiydx33MgSWAMDeB05fjo1nlvsxPcBULADg9LTYn4KjBgVWCM8qmByhUtpmPAGNiiXCYRlJPuFBJwnwEuHtxtcrx6zl7D06WbaYjKMMsEcAhC2Rx4LRAbOeqUgmcw9tXXSNEj6cjKBy21vEZRrmRI1OzrFsyf75w2kFpf+pvxuGRj6PraiW74PQzcuJE9exB1s2yzhwBfOH0zOuQKf0Lju4PI72aQ/70RDixVJftaGA6deR5D8CJUDRnXCvdvBXn+MgJzAmb06JJTnQoeY3K26hJclpjaw4nJzyQ5e85VXJa2lsA+QNHuPOVI64m58QsHslO1jh0G6LH984Q5wR5NS/BaeVNC5J3iStcZIDpA1lV7iSjyNPfsxpZ+cOywM8cJRPZ5lFLz2HFmXq1LK0+rxo+rjhTC5HveMmBatKcdtRTixUlMd5QZQFMVpzeZviqIsnpP3AB5kBxenv4LwcX4K8FZ+rrnziYugVHrCoS5HGfsZ/AN6rmtHs8vfdkpKwIcm1NitNmq0aEWnHOcjbPOBgJ6fDl6Bcc3fBBwh/6i6q1pDmUTT6RxCtTPC7jtj/WJ3kvLfOxzWFrutiY8VhzqvfT7QLtcUpTnqsZxILRL3uQ5kA9mFUIGoPsU7Bp4qBDrDyYRqc3tpk4UA+2O6w2/8W5o5VlUMdb39kGZ6XeA+ZmsMXprf9HTk+L9W/dDqeVjdEMtjgH1c2vnPbKt8pri0P/kRpp3uNQf3uBg18PVnPa5eAls5rTNgfuxCscKGqj++xzgGKlZ59znO9wbn+RIbTPyVbzfsB5KT93NLvlPsfWO5z7/gOeCMeuT12BeQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
b.
c.
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
d.
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
[Ques. 6] A person weighing 0.70 kN rides in an elevator that has an upward acceleration of 1.5 m/s2 . What is the magnitude of the force of the elevator floor on the person?
a. 0.11 kN
b. 0.81 kN
c. 0.70 kN
d. 0.59 kN
e. 0.64 kN
[Ques. 7] A 5.0-kg mass is suspended by a string from the ceiling of an elevator that is moving upward with a speed which is decreasing at a constant rate of 2.0 m/s in each second. What is the tension in the string supporting the mass?
a. 49 N
b. 39 N
c. 59 N
d. 10 N
e. 42 N
[Ques. 8] ![](data:image/png;base64,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)
The wavelength of the wave shown in this figure is about
a.
2 m.
b.
1.75 m.
c.
0.33 m.
d.
not defined.
e.
slightly over 5 m.
[Ques. 9] A 5.0-kg mass is attached to the ceiling of an elevator by a rope whose mass is negligible. What force does the mass exert on the rope when the elevator has an acceleration of 4.0 m/s2 upward?
a. 69 N downward
b. 29 N downward
c. 49 N downward
d. 20 N downward
e. 19 N downward
[Ques. 10] The tension in a string from which a 4.0-kg object is suspended in an elevator is equal to 44 N. What is the acceleration of the elevator?
a. 11 m/s2 upward
b. 1.2 m/s2 upward
c. 1.2 m/s2 downward
d. 10 m/s2 upward
e. 2.4 m/s2 downward