Certain mutations in the regulator gene of the lac system in E. coli result in maximal synthesis of

1.  Certain mutations in the regulator gene of the lac system in E. coli result in maximal synthesis of the Lac proteins (?-galactosidase, etc.) even in the absence of the inducer (lactose). Provide an explanation for this observation.  (2 points)

3.  Draw and label the spatial and polarity relationships among the following translational components: ribosome (small and large subunits), growing polypeptide chains, amino acid attachment to tRNA, tRNA, mRNA, codon, and anticodon. (4 points)

Taken from Essentials of Genetics 7th edn