During polysomnography, the patient has 15 periods of apnea and 10 episodes of hypopnea dur-ing 6 ...

(Answer to Q. 1)  ANS: C
The apnea hypopnea index is calculated by taking the sum of the total number of apneas and the number of episodes of hypopnea. The total is then divided by the number of hours of sleep.

(Answer to Q. 2)  ANS: A
To determine the apnea index, divide the calculated periods by the number of episodes per hour.

(Answer to Q. 3)  ANS: A
K-complexes are large, vertical, slow waves that have an amplitude of at least 75 V, with an ini-tial negative deflection.

(Answer to Q. 4)  ANS: A
With mixed apnea, there is cessation of airflow at the nose and mouth. Initially, there is an ab-sence of respiratory effort, which is the central component, followed by at least 2 cycles of res-piratory effort with continued absence of airflow, which is the obstructive component.

(Answer to Q. 5)  ANS: C
The polysomnographic tracing of a patient exhibiting obstructive sleep apnea shows paradoxical movement of the chest and abdomen and recurrent complete airway obstructions, leading to ox-ygen desaturation.

(Answer to Q. 6)  ANS: B
The finding of no airflow with increasing respiratory effort is needed to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea.

(Answer to Q. 7)  ANS: D
The polysomnographic tracing of a patient with central sleep apnea shows a complete cessation of nasal and oral airflow during the apneic episode.

Extremely helpful

Cool, thanks for the positive feedback