Shaping is the: (Multiple Choice)

Shaping is the:
 
  A) reinforcement of new operant behavior.
  B) gradual reinforcement of new operant behavior.
  C) reinforcement of gradual approximations to an existing behavior to create a new behavior.
  D) creation of new behavior through sudden reinforcement.

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Question 2

The process of creating a new behavior by reinforcing gradual approximations to a present behavior is known as _____.
 
  A) chaining
  B) shaping
  C) graduated reinforcement
  D) fading

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Question 3

Enjoying yourself at a party is a(n) _____ reinforcer for going to the party.
 
  A) contrived
  B) natural
  C) extrinsic
  D) Both a and b are correct.

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Question 4

Which of the following is true of the use of contrived reinforcers in a clinical setting?
 
  A) It is important to consistently maintain them within that setting.
  B) An attempt will often be made to withdraw them over time.
  C) It is hoped that the behavior will eventually become trapped by the natural contingencies in that environment.
  D) Both b and c are correct.

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Question 5

Being paid to study is a(n) _____ reinforcer for studying.
 
  A) natural
  B) extrinsic
  C) contrived
  D) Both b and c are correct.

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Question 6

Watching a movie is a _____ reinforcer for going to a movie theatre.
 
  A) contrived
  B) natural
  C) primary
  D) negative