The nurse is caring for a patient who underwent a laryngectomy. Which need should the nurse address ...

The answer to question 1  C
Pain control and family support are important, but the need of a method of communication is pa-ramount for a new tracheostomy patient to allay anxiety, ensure accurate communication between the patient and the nurse, and make the patient comfortable that nursing staff are attentive. The need for long-term care may not be necessary.

The answer to question 2  A
A temporary transvenous pacemaker is placed if a transient rhythm such as heart block develops after a myocardial infarction or drug toxicity. It is important that the patient understands the un-comfortable muscle contractions are normal. Transvenous pacemakers are inserted by fluoroscopy with local anesthesia, and the leads are attached to an external power source. Patient consent is required, and a sedative is given to the patient before the procedure. Epicardial pacemaker wires are often placed during cardiac surgery for quick use should the patient need to be paced in the postoperative period. The wires are brought through the chest wall and are attached to an external power source. When the need for the wires is past, the surgeon will pull them out. The device is a short-term solution and is only used until the problem resolved or a permanent device is inserted.

The answer to question 3  D
Asking open-ended questions will help the patient respond with information that can be used in a plan of care.

The answer to question 4  A
Plasmapheresis is a blood cleansing procedure used in autoimmune disorders, such as acute glo-merulonephritis or myasthenia gravis (see Chapter 24). Much like hemodialysis, plasmapheresis uses a special filter to remove plasma and wash it to eliminate antibodies. If treatment is not successful, the disease will rapidly progress to kidney failure and death. The patient's blood is accessed through a shunt or a CVC, not a peripheral intravenous (IV) line. This procedure does not involve imaging or contrast.

The answer to question 5  B
Electronic wands at airport security check stations can alter the setting on the AICD. People with AICDs should have certification that they have the embedded device. High altitudes and clothing will not alter the settings.

The answer to question 6  B
The person with macular degeneration sees a dark spot in his central vision. Peripheral vision is not affected until later in the disease.

These are correct! Thank you very much!!!