A client was diagnosed as having type 2 diabetes mellitus and was treated with diet and exercise. When assisting the client with diet planning, the nurse's instructions should include:
1. the greatest number of calories should be from the protein group.
2. no substitutes can be made if using the food exchange plan.
3. a consistent number of calories are needed each day.
4. the meal plan can be disregarded if dietetic foods are used.
Question 2The nurse is evaluating a client with diabetes 3 months after discharge from the hospital. The nurse determines that goals have been met if:
1. the fasting blood sugar is 130.
2. urine for ketones is positive.
3. the client is wearing cotton socks.
4. the client leaves her shoes and socks on.
Question 3A client asks how type 1 differs from type 2 diabetes mellitus. What should the nurse explain to the client?
1. There are insulin antibodies that destroy the beta cells in the pancreas.
2. There is decreased insulin production by the pancreas or cell resistance to the insulin produced.
3. The liver destroys the C-peptide chain of proinsulin produced by the pancreas.
4. The client depends entirely on an outside source of insulin.
Question 4A client with diabetes mellitus is in the clinic with symptoms of shakiness, confusion, rapid pulse, and hypotension. The nurse acts immediately by:
1. calling 911.
2. giving the client 12 oz of orange juice.
3. starting an IV and giving dextrose 10 rapidly.
4. giving the client three glucose tablets.
Question 5A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is recovering from gallbladder surgery. What should the nurse plan for this client?
1. Foot care every 4 hours
2. Monitor blood sugar every 6 hours
3. Give regular insulin every 6 hours
4. Monitor liver function studies
Question 6The nurse is planning care for a client with diabetes. What should the nurse encourage the client to do?
1. Eat a diet high in carbohydrates.
2. Clean foot wounds with hydrogen peroxide.
3. Decrease fluid intake.
4. Obtain a yearly flu vaccination.
Question 7The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should instruct the client regarding the appropriate foot care because:
1. the client is at risk for renal failure.
2. the client experiences low blood sugar too often.
3. due to high blood sugar and reduced circulation, foot wounds do not heal well.
4. due to frequent bouts of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS), the client experiences low blood sugars, which impairs circulation.
Question 8The nurse is planning care for a 28-year-old client with diabetes who has a nursing diagnosis of Risk for Injury. Which intervention should be planned for this diagnosis?
1. Not allow the client to ambulate alone
2. Instruct the client to wear shoes or slippers at all times.
3. Cross the legs at the ankles, not the knees.
4. Apply lotion to the feet, particularly between the toes.
Question 9The nurse from a dialysis center calls a nurse in the emergency eepartment to report that a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is on the way to the ED and is experiencing hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS).
The nurse should prepare which fluid for resuscitation?
1. Normal saline and an insulin drip
2. Half normal saline and glipizide IV
3. 5 dextrose solution and half normal saline
4. 10 dextrose solution and potassium drip
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