An older adult patient in a nursing home has been receiving tube feedings for several months. During an oral examination, the nurse notes that patient's gums are swollen, ulcerated, and bleeding in some areas.
The nurse suspects that the patient has what condition?
a.
Rickets
b.
Vitamin A deficiency
c.
Linoleic-acid deficiency
d.
Vitamin C deficiency
Question 2A 50-year-old patient has been brought to the emergency department after a housemate found that the patient could not get out of bed alone. He has lived in a group home for years but for several months has not participated in the activities and has stayed
in his room. The nurse assesses for signs of undernutrition, and an x-ray study reveals that he has osteomalacia, which is a deficiency of:
a.
Iron.
b.
Riboflavin.
c.
Vitamin D and calcium.
d.
Vitamin C.
Question 3During an assessment of a patient who has been homeless for several years, the nurse notices that his tongue is magenta in color, which is an indication of a deficiency in what mineral and/or vitamin?
a. Iron
b. Riboflavin
c. Vitamin D and calcium
d. Vitamin C
Question 4Which of these conditions is due to an inadequate intake of both protein and calories?
a. Obesity
b. Bulimia
c. Marasmus
d. Kwashiorkor
Question 5A 16-year-old girl is being seen at the clinic for gastrointestinal complaints and weight loss. The nurse determines that many of her complaints may be related to erratic eating patterns, eating predominantly fast foods, and high caffeine intake.
In this situation, which is most appropriate when collecting current dietary intake information?
a.
Scheduling a time for direct observation of the adolescent during meals
b.
Asking the patient for a 24-hour diet recall, and assuming it to be reflective of a typical day for her
c.
Having the patient complete a food diary for 3 days, including 2 weekdays and 1 weekend day
d.
Using the food frequency questionnaire to identify the amount of intake of specific foods
Question 6The nurse is preparing to measure fat and lean body mass and bone mineral density. Which tool is appropriate?
a. Measuring tape
b. Skinfold calipers
c. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)
d. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)
Question 7Which of these interventions is most appropriate when the nurse is planning nutritional interventions for a healthy, active 74-year-old woman?
a. Decreasing the amount of carbohydrates to prevent lean muscle catabolism
b. Increasing the amount of soy and tofu in her diet to promote bone growth and reverse osteoporosis
c. Decreasing the number of calories she is eating because of the decrease in energy requirements from the loss of lean body mass
d. Increasing the number of calories she is eating because of the increased energy needs of the older adult
Question 8In performing an assessment on a 49-year-old woman who has imbalanced nutrition as a result of dysphagia, which data would the nurse expect to find?
a. Increase in hair growth
b. Inadequate nutrient food intake
c. Weight 10 to 20 over ideal
d. Sore, inflamed buccal cavity
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