The nurse understands which of the following indicator(s) describe(s) the profile of an abused older ...

Answer to #1

B, C, D
A profile of an abused older adult consists of one who is married and comes from a lower so-cioeducational level. Women who are 80 years of age or older are more often abused; the abused older adult often lives with the abuser and is socially isolated. The abused are often nonwhite, have a mental or physical disability, are dependent on the abuser, and reside in unsafe or inade-quate housing.

Answer to #2

D
The nurse recognizes that incontinence is a sign of an underlying problem and not an inevitable result of aging. In addition, the nurse offers dignity, hope, and understanding by maintaining a positive and respectful manner and by communicating that effective treatments are available. Rubber garments, in particular, are hot and can cause skin irritation. Internal catheters should be used only for a short time and under limited circumstances. Using a smooth muscle relaxant is indicated only for urge incontinence and for an overactive bladder.

Answer to #3

B, D, E
The male caregiverand sonof this woman excessively criticizes the nursing care and de-monstrates a lack of appreciation, which are common characteristics of an elder abuser. Because the majority of caregiving occurs in the home and a majority of abuse occurs in the family, this caregiver has the characteristics of a potential abuser. Aggressive, combative, provocative, and overly demanding behavior is also characteristic of an older adult abuser. The lack of employ-ment is not a characteristic of an elder abuser, although this problem can frustrate the individual; however, financial dependency on the abused is a predictor for abuse. Although smoking is an unhealthy habit and exposes the older adult to second-hand unhealthy air, smoking is not a cha-racteristic of an elder abuser. Sitting at the patient's bedside for hours, in itself, is not a characte-ristic of an older adult abuser; concerned, caring family members often keep bedside vigils.

Answer to #4

C
If intraabdominal pressure increases, then the patient can have dribbling. A UTI causes frequency as a result of irritation in the bladder. Emotional strain can cause frequency. Specific volume of urine in the bladder triggers reflex incontinence.

Answer to #5

c, a, b, d

a. As a potential cause of the new behaviors, the nurse reviews the medication list and looks for new medications, missed or increased doses, polypharmacy, and medications likely to cause psychotic behavior.
b. Third, after identifying possible pharmacological reasons, the nurse consults with the health care provider to consider adjustments to the pharmacotherapy.
c. The nurse's first task is to identify likely causes of psychotic behaviors to provide a framework for planning suitable nursing interventions.
d. Finally, to supplement removal of offending medications, the nurse promotes a trusting relationship with the older adult by expressing respect and concern.

Answer to #6

B
A conservator can be responsible for the conservatee's property, person, or both. The conservatee is a ward of the conservator or guardian and has no decision-making rights and, in many states, has no legal right to sue to terminate the conservatorship or guardianship. The conservator is the individual appointed by the court; this person can be a family member or someone who has a conflict of interest. Conservatorship is a most restrictive alternative and requires a court hearing.

Answer to #7

B

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A Incorrect. This lesion reflects seborrheic keratosis.
B Correct. This lesion is malignant melanoma.
C Incorrect. This lesion is a Candida infection.
D Incorrect. This lesion is lentigo.

Answer to #8

B
The primary difference between Medicare Part A and Part B is the care setting. Part A covers acute, inpatient care and some specialized care. Part B covers some costs of outpatient and am-bulatory services. Hospice care is not a difference; Part A and Part B coverage is no longer available for a patient in hospice care. Home care services are not included in Part B, therefore home care cannot be compared with Part A. Invasive procedures are potentially covered by both Part A and Part B.