What was the basis for the Supreme Court's decision in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that upheld the constitutionality of a state law requiring segregated railroad facilities?
a. Former slaves are not entitled to full citizenship rights because they did not immigrate to the United States willingly.
b. The Constitution does not prohibit segregation; it only mandates equal protection under the law.
c. Railroad transportation involves interstate commerce, which is regulated by Congress; there is no provision in federal law that prohibits segregation.
d. Each state has the right to interpret the Constitution as it sees fit, as long as the interpretation is reasonable and without malice..
Question -2-What strategy did the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) use most effectively to advance civil rights for African Americans ?
a. boycotts
b. litigation
c. nonviolent direct action
d. marches and rallies
Question -3-What did the Supreme Court decide in Korematsu v. United States (1944) regarding the internment of those with Japanese ancestry living in the United States?
a. It was permissible because the United States was at war with Japan.
b. It was permissible because it only applied to noncitizens.
c. It was promptly terminated because it did not pass the strict scrutiny test.
d. It was unconstitutional.
Question -4-To what extent were the civil rights of African Americans protected after the Civil War?
a. They increased in the immediate aftermath of the Civil War and have continued to increase steadily ever since.
b. There were no attempts to protect the civil rights of African Americans until Reconstruction ended.
c. Attempts to protect the civil rights of African Americans after the Civil War were largely unsuccessful for decades.
d. It was two decades after the Civil War before African Americans had civil rights that were comparable to those of whites.
Question -5-What provision of the Fourteenth Amendment serves as a cornerstone of our understanding of civil rights?
a. all men are created equal
b. the equal protection clause
c. the privileges and immunities clause
d. the grandfather clause
Question -6-The Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. insisted that protest aimed at ending discrimination in the South should be conducted __________.
a. in accordance with the law
b. nonviolently
c. anonymously
d. with all deliberative speed
Question -7-State policies on affirmative action in college admissions are best characterized as __________.
a. consistent
b. stable
c. in flux
d. solid
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