This feature is not essential to a constructivist learning environment but is very likely to occur ...

{Ans. #1}

d

{Ans. #2}

c

{Ans. #3}

D

{Ans. #4}

Complete answers will include the following: Mathematical Practices: Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them; reason abstractly and quantitatively; construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others; model with mathematics; use appropriate tools strategically; attend to precision; look for and make use of structure.

{Ans. #5}

An example of each type of word problem is:

Closed: Juanita receives an allowance of 2.00 each week. What are the fewest number of
coins she could get?

Open: Juanita receives an allowance of 2.00 each week. What are some ways she can get her
2.00, using coins and dollar bills?

{Ans. #6}

Complete answers will include the following: Process Standards: problem solving, reasoning and proof, communication, connections, and representation.

{Ans. #7}

C

{Ans. #8}

Complete answers will include the following: Equity--Excellence in mathematics education requires equityhigh expectations and strong support for all students. Curriculum--more than a collection of activities: It must be coherent, focused on important mathematics, and well articulated across the grades. Teaching--effective mathematics teaching requires understanding what students know and need to learn and then challenging and supporting them to learn it well. Learning--students must learn mathematics with understanding, actively building new knowledge from experience and prior knowledge. Assessment should support the learning of important mathematics and furnish useful information to both teachers and students. Technology is essential in teaching and learning mathematics; it influences the mathematics that is taught and enhances students' learning.(NCTM, 2000, p. 11.)

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