When she was younger, Celia didn't care if her brother took one of the cookies out of her bowl. Now she is old enough to recognize that it is unfair for him to eat his share and take some of hers. At what age can children begin to understand the concept of fairness (and evidence of the development of conscience)?
a. six
b. two
c. five
d. three
Ques. 2Christina's mother repeatedly reminds her to keep her elbows off the table while eating. What is Christina's mother using to teach her daughter proper etiquette?
a. social conventions
b. theory of mind
c. moral imperatives
d. inductive discipline
Ques. 3Which of the following responses uses principles of the positive behavior support strategy?
a. Return the truck to Gorge. Say, I would like to take a turn. Then play with the other trucks until it's your turn.
b. You cannot take Gorge's truck from him. Follow the rules and you will be allowed to play with Gorge and his new truck.
c. You did wrong to take the truck away from Gorge when he was playing. Put down the truck. Sit in your seat and wait five minutes.
d. Don't take the truck away from Gorge. He is smaller than you. Sit and wait for Gorge to put it down.
Ques. 4Researchers have found that children from a poverty stricken area of India:
a. showed less capacity for play compared to their wealthy friends.
b. showed more aggressive play because they had to fight for limited toys.
c. showed lower levels of spatial reasoning because they were less involved in imaginative play compared to children from wealthier societies.
d. often relied more on imaginative play because they lacked toys and materials designed for play.
Ques. 5If your child claims he or she was bullied by a peer, what should you do?
a. Ignore the claim unless you see the bullying behavior yourself.
b. Avoid overreacting. Young children often engage in relational aggression.
c. Act upon the child's perception and take it seriously. Discuss your concerns with other adults.
d. Teach your child how to react to bullying and stop it with aggression.
Ques. 6When his mother fell down and bruised her knee, her son brought her an apple. Apples are the boy's favorite fruit and he wanted to make his mother feel better. The boy's action demonstrates both __________ and ______________.
a. sympathy; moral imperatives
b. inductive reasoning; temperament
c. perspective-taking; social conventions
d. empathy; egocentricism
Ques. 7Which statements show evidence that a child is developing a theory of mind?
a. I'm mad at you, Chelsea. Give me my doll.
b. Chelsea is not nice. She cut my doll's dress on purpose.
c. Chelsea is my friend. We play together.
d. Chelsea has brown hair. She looks like me.
Ques. 8The day after dressing up for Halloween, Lawrence announces he can't wait for the next Halloween. His older sister tells him that the next Halloween is a year away. He seems confused and thinks that next year is relatively soon. He believes he needs to find his costume now because next year is coming up very soon. At what age is Lawrence most likely to understand lengths of time (such as a year) and first differentiate events close in time and events further in time?
a. 4 years of age
b. 8 years of age
c. 6 years of age
d. 10 years of age
Ques. 9What level of abstract thinking is a child most likely to understand around the age of six?
a. He understands that the moon is closer to earth than the sun, and the moon is thousands of miles away.
b. She understands that she is the youngest person in her family and the oldest in her preschool class.
c. He understands that he is taller than his little brother and will eventually catch up in age with his older brother.
d. She understands that a bouncing ball stops bouncing because gravity pulls it to the earth.
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