Joan Williams begins each of her biology classes by writing an outline on the board that identifies the topics to be covered in the day's lesson. As each is presented and discussed, she refers the students to the outline and what will be discussed next. Of the following, Joan's procedure best illustrates an attempt to utilize which of the following encoding strategies?
a. Elaboration
b. Activity
c. Organization
d. Mnemonics
Ques. 2A decrease in behavior as a result of the elimination of something desirable is an illustration of:
a. presentation punishment.
b. removal punishment.
c. negative reinforcement.
d. positive reinforcement.
Ques. 3One of your students has been diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Of the following, which is most likely impaired for this student?
a. The central executive in working memory
b. The phonological loop in working memory
c. The visual-spatial sketchpad in working memory
d. The rehearsal loop in working memory
Ques. 4Based on the information we have, Mikesa's saying adjective when he sees beautiful best describes:
a. a classically conditioned response.
b. reinforcement.
c. discrimination.
d. generalization.
Ques. 5Joe says bee to both the letters b and d. He has not learned to:
a. appropriately generalize on similar sounds.
b. state the classically conditioned response for b.
c. discriminate between b and d.
d. respond to the unconditioned stimuli b and d.
Ques. 6Patrick hits his mother. She decides that when he hits her she will put him down and not carry him (he likes to be carried). His hitting behavior has decreased. Mom's putting Patrick down illustrates which type of operant conditioning?
a. Positive reinforcement
b. Negative reinforcement
c. Presentation punishment
d. Removal punishment
Ques. 7The major difference between negative reinforcement and punishment is:
a. negative reinforcement decreases behavior a person intended to increase, whereas punishment intentionally decreases behavior.
b. punishment is a behavioral decrease, whereas negative reinforcement is a behavioral increase.
c. negative reinforcement is something emotional, whereas punishment is something physical, such as picking up trash or sweeping floors.
d. negative reinforcement is used to shape behavior, but punishment is rarely used for shaping.
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