Jamie heard the news anchor report facts about her favorite football player, but she refuses to believe he is capable of drug trafficing. She knows too many good things about him. He raised money to support kids in his old neighborhood. Jamie believes in him and supports him on her blog. Her adolescent response is an example of:
a. availability heuristic.
b. belief perseverance.
c. confirmation bias.
d. representativeness heuristics.
Ques. 2Adolescents frequently use heuristics to solve problems. Which of the following illustrates problem solving with heuristic thinking?
a. My favorite breakfast food is on sale this week at the groceery store. It will stay fresh for about four weeks. I can buy twice as much as usual and save money without sacrificing quality.
b. For my trip to New York, I need to take enough clothes for four days in one carryon bag. I'll list the shirts and slacks and figure out the combinations that will work best.
c. I need to write a thank you letter to Mr. Gibson for offering me a summer job. I'll include one paragraph about my interest in the job and another thanking him for his time.
d. This fish has been in the refrigerator for three days. I wonder whether or not it is good to eat. My rule of thumb is, If in doubt, throw it out. I won't eat it.
Ques. 3Children's beliefs about knowledge change as they mature. Most adolescents move toward what stage of belief about knowing?
a. multiplist
b. absolutist
c. realist
d. evaluativist
Ques. 4Manuel recently moved to Iowa and observed that most of the farmers in the state grow corn. When he learned that the Smith family has a farm, he presumed they were corn farmers. What kind of reasoning was Manuel using?
a. inductive reasoning
b. deductive reasoning
c. hypothetical reasoning
d. metacognitive reasoning
Ques. 5Mr. Morrison makes an effective accommodation for Caleb, who has attention deficit-hyperactive disorder (ADHD), when he:
a. encourages Caleb to listen to his favorite music while working his geometry problems.
b. suggests that Caleb take advantage of his short attention span and switch back and forth between geometry and English assignments.
c. provides both written and oral step-by-step directions for completing the geometry assignment.
d. assigns easier geometry problems to Caleb and more challenging problems to the other students in the class.
Ques. 6Although a challenging read for her, Gwendolyn tries to read The Jungle by Upton Sinclair while she watches her favorite program on TV. Gwendolyn finds she is unable to pay attention to the book and her television program at the same time. She didn't make as much progress as she hoped during the show. She kept shifting her focus between the two watching her show and then reading a few pages, watching until the next commercial and reading a few more pages. Gwendolyn's experience illustrates:
a. executive function deficit
b. attention deficit
c. sequential multitasking
d. simultaneous multitasking
Ques. 7How do current psychologists' views differ from Piaget's views of adolescent cognitive development?
a. Current psychologists disagree with Piaget's theoretical belief that adolescents construct their own knowledge.
b. Current psychologists do not believe in the development of metacognitive skills during adolescence.
c. Current psychologists disagree with Piaget's theoretical belief that many adolescents develop executive functions that are lost during adulthood.
d. Current psychologists do not believe in the emergence of a discrete new cognitive structure at adolescence.
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